{"id":79865,"date":"2026-03-19T02:51:17","date_gmt":"2026-03-19T06:51:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=79865"},"modified":"2026-03-19T02:51:17","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T06:51:17","slug":"what-an-ancient-chinese-philosopher-can-teach-us-about-americans-obsession-with-college-rankings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/what-an-ancient-chinese-philosopher-can-teach-us-about-americans-obsession-with-college-rankings\/","title":{"rendered":"What an ancient Chinese philosopher can teach us about Americans\u2019 obsession with college rankings"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-79866\" src=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Daodejing.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"391\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Daodejing.jpeg 680w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Daodejing-250x144.jpeg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Each March, many of the country\u2019s most selective colleges and universities release their admissions decisions, reviving\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/military-academies-can-still-consider-race-in-admissions-but-the-rest-of-the-nations-colleges-and-universities-cannot-court-rules-205112\">debates over the roles of race<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-hidden-bias-in-college-admissions-tests-how-standardized-exams-can-favor-privilege-over-potential-256967\">wealth and privilege<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 and putting Americans\u2019\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/09\/23\/us\/us-news-rankings.html\">cultural obsession with rankings<\/a>\u00a0back in the spotlight.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, a more personal set of questions will emerge in many homes and schools. Who got into a \u201cbetter\u201d school, and why? And for those who didn\u2019t, what to do with a dream school deferred? What\u2019s missing are more fundamental questions about the costs of striving for status and how to know when to stop.<\/p>\n<p>From my former life as a college counselor to my current one as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wellesley.edu\/people\/stephen-chen\">a psychology professor<\/a>, I\u2019ve spent more than two decades working with Asian American families, the demographic group that often finds itself\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/10\/23\/us\/harvard-admissions-data-black-asian-latino-students.html\">at the center of college admissions debates<\/a>. I listen as they grapple with questions of race,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/dev0001853\">social status<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/aap0000161\">who makes it in the U.S. and why<\/a>. I\u2019ve also seen firsthand, both inside and outside of the research lab, how some students\u2019 never-ending quest for achievement takes a toll on their mental health.<\/p>\n<p>Americans\u2019 frenzy over college admissions may be a relatively modern affliction, but striving for status is timeless and universal, and it can benefit from the wisdom of ancient texts. This is why, in my team\u2019s research with Asian American families, we bring the Chinese philosopher Laozi into the conversation. Through the Daodejing, one of the central texts of Daoism, Laozi offers perspectives from a tumultuous period of status-striving in Chinese history \u2013 and shifts our focus from comparison and competition to contentment.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>The \u2018success frame\u2019<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>In interviews with Asian American parents, children and teens over the past 10 years, I hear echoes of what sociologists\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sociology.columbia.edu\/content\/jennifer-lee\">Jennifer Lee<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/soc.ucla.edu\/person\/min-zhou\/\">Min Zhou<\/a>\u00a0call the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12552-014-9112-7\">Asian American success frame<\/a>\u201d: success defined by elite educational credentials, graduate degrees and select occupations. Their research shows how the success frame\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12552-014-9112-7\">is endorsed<\/a>\u00a0by Asian Americans across different ethnic groups, generations and socioeconomic brackets.<\/p>\n<p>My team\u2019s ongoing interviews, in turn, provide a window into how that idea of success is promoted. One mother told her 11-year-old son her wish is for him not to pursue an M.D. or a Ph.D., but both. Another parent of a 16-year-old with college applications on the horizon discouraged her from applying to state schools, because she had heard that some job recruiters consider only Ivy League resumes.<\/p>\n<p>These conversations rarely mention the toll of chasing these highly specific, highly ambitious benchmarks of success. Rather, it comes to light when we talk with parents one-on-one about their own experiences. One lamented being a doctor, but not the \u201cright kind\u201d of doctor; another mentioned getting a Ph.D., but not from the best school; yet another described landing the job they sought when they immigrated to the U.S., only to run up against \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1918896117\">bamboo ceilings<\/a>\u201d in their career.<\/p>\n<p>Each of these comparisons involves relative or subjective social status: not how much education, wealth or prestige people actually have, but how much they think they have, relative to others.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0033716\">Decades of research<\/a>\u00a0indicate that thinking you have lower relative status takes a unique toll on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/bul0000258\">mental<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/hea0000534\">physical health<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>I see this in my lab\u2019s studies, as well: Parents who perceive themselves as being lower in subjective social status report\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/cdp0000343\">more depressive symptoms<\/a>, and children who perceive themselves as having low relative status report\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/aap0000161\">more loneliness<\/a>, even when accounting for families\u2019 actual levels of income and education.<\/p>\n<p>Likewise, scholars Zhou and Lee\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12552-014-9112-7\">identify similar struggles<\/a>\u00a0among Asian Americans shouldering the weight of these social comparisons. A woman who attended a lower-ranked college than her family members told researchers she \u201cfeels like the \u2018black sheep\u2019 of the family\u201d; a man rejected from elite Ph.D. programs considers himself a failure for \u201conly having a B.A.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The unending climb of status comparisons can be a crushing load \u2013 and this is where Laozi comes into the conversation.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Dangers of desire<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>By\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ink.library.smu.edu.sg\/cis_research\/309\/\">some accounts<\/a>, Laozi was a contemporary of Confucius in the sixth century B.C.E. \u2013 though the details of his biography are\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9781438409481\/html\">more legendary than factual<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Traditionally, he has been venerated as the author of the Daodejing, a foundational text of Daoism: a Chinese philosophical and religious tradition centered around following the \u201cdao,\u201d or \u201cthe way\u201d of nature. The general consensus of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ink.library.smu.edu.sg\/cis_research\/309\/\">modern scholarship<\/a>, however, is that the Daodejing reflects the work of generations of thinkers and editors, and that even the name \u201cLaozi\u201d embodies ideas developed over centuries.<\/p>\n<p>Most scholars\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ink.library.smu.edu.sg\/cis_research\/309\/\">date the composition of the Daodejing<\/a>\u00a0to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebsco.com\/research-starters\/history\/chinas-warring-states-period\">China\u2019s Warring States period<\/a>, from 475-221 B.C.E. It was a time of tremendous technological, economic and political change, when competitions for status played out on the battlefield. Given this historical context, it\u2019s little surprise that much of the text\u2019s musings are devoted to status-chasing and the dark side of human desire.<\/p>\n<p>For example, the Daodejing criticizes the ruling class and its talent-recruitment system for dangling enticing status markers that could never be fully achieved. Dreaming of prestige could feel like a full assault on the senses, as captured in Ken Liu\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.simonandschuster.com\/books\/Laozis-Dao-De-Jing\/Laozi\/9781668019375\">luminous translation<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u201cA profusion of colors blinds the eye.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>A cacophony of noises deafens the ear.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>A flood of flavors numbs the tongue.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Rushing and chasing, the mind becomes unsettled.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Craving and desiring, the heart loses itself on crooked paths.\u201d<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The Daodejing may be an ancient text, but part of its enduring appeal is its timelessness. Through Liu\u2019s prose, we can easily imagine Laozi critiquing today\u2019s profusion of college influencer videos, a cacaphony of Reddit threads trumpeting admissions strategies, and high school students rushing and chasing after a stacked resume.<\/p>\n<p>Laozi sees plainly the Sisyphean nature of achieving: that it inevitably leads to desiring more. He offers a stark warning: \u201cThe more you desire, the more it costs. \/ The more you hoard, the more you\u2019ll waste.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Critically, as the philosopher\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/warwick.ac.uk\/fac\/soc\/philosophy\/people\/virag\/\">Curie Vir\u00e1g<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/book\/6598\">argues<\/a>, Laozi isn\u2019t suggesting that people abandon desire altogether. Rather, our truest desires can only be uncovered when we\u2019ve freed ourselves from those imposed by society. And it\u2019s the satisfaction of these true desires that can lead to contentment.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Deeper questions<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>In my research team\u2019s ongoing study with Chinese American parents and adolescents, we present a phrase encapsulating one of the core teachings of the Daodejing: that contentment \u2013 knowing or mastering satisfaction \u2013 leads to happiness. We then ask parents to explain to their child what they think it means and whether or not they agree.<\/p>\n<p>Most parents are familiar with the phrase. Some endorse it, while others add caveats. Being content is different from being lazy, some emphasize; it\u2019s not an excuse to stop striving. Many struggle to articulate the distinctions between contentment, laziness and healthy ambition \u2013 and as a psychologist, I admit that I\u2019m right there with them.<\/p>\n<p>I want Laozi to provide a clear definition for contentment, and even better, a formula for how to find it. But the Daodejing is more descriptive than prescriptive \u2013 less how-to and more what is. In Liu\u2019s description, the text is Laozi\u2019s invitation into a conversation, and it allows our deepest questions to come to the surface. Beneath the race for rank and status, what is it that we actually desire, and how do we find it?<\/p>\n<p>These are difficult questions for any parent to answer. But if we\u2019re willing to start the conversation, we can begin by asking them first of ourselves.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Author Bio:<\/strong> Stephen Chen is Associate Professor of Psychology at Wellesley College<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Each March, many of the country\u2019s most selective colleges and universities release their admissions decisions, reviving\u00a0debates over the roles of race,\u00a0wealth and privilege\u00a0\u2013 and putting Americans\u2019\u00a0cultural obsession with rankings\u00a0back in the spotlight. Meanwhile, a more personal set of questions will emerge in many homes and schools. Who got into a \u201cbetter\u201d school, and why? And [&hellip;]\n&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/what-an-ancient-chinese-philosopher-can-teach-us-about-americans-obsession-with-college-rankings\/\" class=\"more\">learn more&rarr;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[435653],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-79865","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-higher-education","tag-status"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What an ancient Chinese philosopher can teach us about Americans\u2019 obsession with college rankings - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/what-an-ancient-chinese-philosopher-can-teach-us-about-americans-obsession-with-college-rankings\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What an ancient Chinese philosopher can teach us about Americans\u2019 obsession with college rankings - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Each March, many of the country\u2019s most selective colleges and universities release their admissions decisions, reviving\u00a0debates over the roles of race,\u00a0wealth and privilege\u00a0\u2013 and putting Americans\u2019\u00a0cultural obsession with rankings\u00a0back in the spotlight. 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