{"id":75600,"date":"2025-01-21T00:01:22","date_gmt":"2025-01-21T05:01:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=75600"},"modified":"2025-01-21T04:19:19","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T09:19:19","slug":"hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Hydroclimatic whiplash, the new face of climate change"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"\\<\/p>\n

Just as we had begun to grasp the concept of\u00a0<\/span>sixth-generation fires<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, megafires that are practically inextinguishable, we are now faced with a new concept that seems to apply well to the\u00a0<\/span>devastating fires<\/span><\/a>\u00a0of January 2025 in California.<\/span><\/p>\n

Although\u00a0<\/span>the signal of climate change in these fires<\/span><\/a>\u00a0is unequivocal, being responsible for conditions around 5\u00b0C warmer, 15% drier and 20% windier than usual, it is said that these fires are the result of \u201chydroclimatic whiplash\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

What are these lashes?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The noun sums up well the sudden, lightning-fast and brutal nature of the new extreme weather events. The adjective hydroclimatic, on the other hand, emphasizes the important role of water in the new climate.<\/span><\/p>\n

The magnitude of the California fires was due to the particularly virulent Santa Ana winds and to extraordinarily dry vegetation and soils after a long summer and a rainless autumn.<\/span><\/p>\n

The storm \u2013 suffered mainly in Valencia on 29 October 2024 \u2013 was\u00a0<\/span>associated with climate change<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, which made it much more\u00a0<\/span>likely and intense<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. This storm would also fall within the concept of hydroclimatic whiplash, in this case due to record-breaking torrential rains.<\/span><\/p>\n

The consequences of the warm atmosphere<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Both situations, extreme droughts and torrential rains, are actually two sides of the same coin. The coin is called a warm atmosphere.<\/span><\/p>\n

This warm atmosphere steals liquid water from ecosystems and stores it as vapour in the atmosphere itself. It is worth remembering that for every degree Celsius of warming, the atmosphere’s capacity to retain moisture increases by 7%.<\/span><\/p>\n

When conditions for precipitation are met, the quantities of water at stake in an overheated atmosphere are much higher than usual. While these rains arrive, ecosystems and landscapes, whether humanized or not, suffer from severe drought.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hydroclimatic volatility refers precisely to sudden, large and frequent transitions between very dry and very humid conditions, something that will become increasingly\u00a0<\/span>common in regions<\/span><\/a>\u00a0with a Mediterranean climate.<\/span><\/p>\n

California as a climate model<\/strong><\/h4>\n

California is\u00a0<\/span>a model for hydroclimatic whiplash<\/span><\/a>\u00a0. The winters of 2022-23 and 2023-24 brought record rainfall to California, fed by dozens of atmospheric rivers.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mountain towns were buried under snow, valleys were flooded by rain and melting snow, and landslides occurred across the state.<\/span><\/p>\n

These deluges were followed by record summer heat and a drought-marked start to the 2025 rainy season. The resulting dry vegetation provided abundant fuel for the series of wildfires that would come in early 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n

It is\u00a0<\/span>precisely this succession of whiplashes<\/span><\/a>\u00a0that has increased the risk of fires twice over in California. First, vegetation growth increases disproportionately in the months leading up to the fire season, and then it dries out quickly to record levels. But the situation is global.<\/span><\/p>\n

Data warn of an increase in whiplash associated with climate change<\/strong><\/h4>\n

A\u00a0<\/span>recent study<\/span><\/a>\u00a0employs a metric for this hydroclimatic whiplash based on the standardized evapotranspiration rate of precipitation.<\/span><\/p>\n

This study found an increase of between 31 and 66% in the global average of short-cycle or sub-seasonal whiplash (3 months), and an increase of between 8 and 31% in long-cycle or interannual whiplash (12 months). All of this using mid-20th century values \u200b\u200bas a reference.<\/span><\/p>\n

All models estimate further increases in these whiplashes with ongoing warming.<\/span><\/p>\n

Those land regions that warm by 3\u00baC or more compared to the pre-industrial era (remember that we are already around 1.5\u00baC of average warming) will experience increases in subseasonal whiplash of 113% and in interannual whiplash of 52%.<\/span><\/p>\n

These changes are greatest at high latitudes and increase from North Africa towards East and South Asia. There is considerable evidence linking these increases to atmospheric thermodynamics, that is, to the increasing water vapour holding capacity and potential evaporative demand of an increasingly warm atmosphere.<\/span><\/p>\n

The necessary change in water management<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Increased\u00a0<\/span>hydroclimatic volatility<\/span><\/a>\u00a0will amplify the dangers associated with rapid swings between wet and dry states, including flash floods, forest fires, landslides and disease outbreaks.<\/span><\/p>\n

These increasing risks require\u00a0<\/span>a change in water management<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, combining prevention and management of risks associated with both drought and flooding.<\/span><\/p>\n

Surplus water from torrential rains cannot be discarded. Even if natural systems are not able to retain it, ways must be devised to bring it into the subsoil or store it so that it is available for the drought that will soon take hold.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the medium and long term, it is clear that it is urgent to reduce global warming and thus mitigate the impact of these fearsome hydroclimatic shocks.<\/span><\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Fernando Valladares is Research Professor at the Department of Biogeography and Global Change at the National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\\ Just as we had begun to grasp the concept of\u00a0sixth-generation fires\u00a0, megafires that are practically inextinguishable, we are now faced with a new concept that seems to apply well to the\u00a0devastating fires\u00a0of January 2025 in California. Although\u00a0the signal of climate change in these fires\u00a0is unequivocal, being responsible for conditions around 5\u00b0C warmer, 15% drier […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[128],"tags":[435244],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-75600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environment","tag-hydroclimatic"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHydroclimatic whiplash, the new face of climate change - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hydroclimatic whiplash, the new face of climate change - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Just as we had begun to grasp the concept of\u00a0sixth-generation fires\u00a0, megafires that are practically inextinguishable, we are now faced with a new concept that seems to apply well to the\u00a0devastating fires\u00a0of January 2025 in California. Although\u00a0the signal of climate change in these fires\u00a0is unequivocal, being responsible for conditions around 5\u00b0C warmer, 15% drier […]\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-21T05:01:22+00:00\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-01-21T09:19:19+00:00\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PlayGroundOnFireI23.jpg\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"680\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"276\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kevin\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Kevin\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Kevin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/42c1c1d5ff7ffbdf0bd50ed94c6ae6ee\"},\"headline\":\"Hydroclimatic whiplash, the new face of climate change\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-21T05:01:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-01-21T09:19:19+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":754,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/01\\\/PlayGroundOnFireI23.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Hydroclimatic\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Environment\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/\",\"name\":\"Hydroclimatic whiplash, the new face of climate change - World leading higher education information and services\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/01\\\/PlayGroundOnFireI23.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-21T05:01:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-01-21T09:19:19+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/42c1c1d5ff7ffbdf0bd50ed94c6ae6ee\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/01\\\/PlayGroundOnFireI23.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/01\\\/PlayGroundOnFireI23.jpg\",\"width\":680,\"height\":276},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Hydroclimatic whiplash, the new face of climate change\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/\",\"name\":\"World leading higher education information and services\",\"description\":\"Global Higher Education Jobs, University jobs, Lecturer & tenure jobs.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/42c1c1d5ff7ffbdf0bd50ed94c6ae6ee\",\"name\":\"Kevin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1e8d491a5f9b9bf3db67c9e46abbba7bb06b26b458bd5025c55e0a4b9b60ea8a?s=96&d=mm&r=g8ba4c352a279c450aa9435d770c1ebf4\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1e8d491a5f9b9bf3db67c9e46abbba7bb06b26b458bd5025c55e0a4b9b60ea8a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1e8d491a5f9b9bf3db67c9e46abbba7bb06b26b458bd5025c55e0a4b9b60ea8a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Kevin\"},\"description\":\"Kevin is founder of the world.edu project. The past 28 years have been involved in publishing to the education sector in print and the internet. Kevin has a degree in Education and has a many years experience in developing companies and projects.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/author\\\/kevin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Hydroclimatic whiplash, the new face of climate change - World leading higher education information and services","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Hydroclimatic whiplash, the new face of climate change - World leading higher education information and services","og_description":"Just as we had begun to grasp the concept of\u00a0sixth-generation fires\u00a0, megafires that are practically inextinguishable, we are now faced with a new concept that seems to apply well to the\u00a0devastating fires\u00a0of January 2025 in California. Although\u00a0the signal of climate change in these fires\u00a0is unequivocal, being responsible for conditions around 5\u00b0C warmer, 15% drier […]","og_url":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/","og_site_name":"World leading higher education information and services","article_published_time":"2025-01-21T05:01:22+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-01-21T09:19:19+00:00","og_image":[{"width":680,"height":276,"url":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PlayGroundOnFireI23.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Kevin","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Kevin","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/"},"author":{"name":"Kevin","@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/#\/schema\/person\/42c1c1d5ff7ffbdf0bd50ed94c6ae6ee"},"headline":"Hydroclimatic whiplash, the new face of climate change","datePublished":"2025-01-21T05:01:22+00:00","dateModified":"2025-01-21T09:19:19+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/"},"wordCount":754,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PlayGroundOnFireI23.jpg","keywords":["Hydroclimatic"],"articleSection":["Environment"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/","url":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/","name":"Hydroclimatic whiplash, the new face of climate change - World leading higher education information and services","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PlayGroundOnFireI23.jpg","datePublished":"2025-01-21T05:01:22+00:00","dateModified":"2025-01-21T09:19:19+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/#\/schema\/person\/42c1c1d5ff7ffbdf0bd50ed94c6ae6ee"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PlayGroundOnFireI23.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PlayGroundOnFireI23.jpg","width":680,"height":276},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/hydroclimatic-whiplash-the-new-face-of-climate-change\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/world.edu\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Hydroclimatic whiplash, the new face of climate change"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/world.edu\/","name":"World leading higher education information and services","description":"Global Higher Education Jobs, University jobs, Lecturer & tenure jobs.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/world.edu\/#\/schema\/person\/42c1c1d5ff7ffbdf0bd50ed94c6ae6ee","name":"Kevin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1e8d491a5f9b9bf3db67c9e46abbba7bb06b26b458bd5025c55e0a4b9b60ea8a?s=96&d=mm&r=g8ba4c352a279c450aa9435d770c1ebf4","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1e8d491a5f9b9bf3db67c9e46abbba7bb06b26b458bd5025c55e0a4b9b60ea8a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1e8d491a5f9b9bf3db67c9e46abbba7bb06b26b458bd5025c55e0a4b9b60ea8a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Kevin"},"description":"Kevin is founder of the world.edu project. The past 28 years have been involved in publishing to the education sector in print and the internet. Kevin has a degree in Education and has a many years experience in developing companies and projects.","sameAs":["https:\/\/world.edu"],"url":"https:\/\/world.edu\/author\/kevin\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75600","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75600"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75600\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":75612,"href":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75600\/revisions\/75612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75600"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75600"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75600"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=75600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}