{"id":75013,"date":"2024-11-27T00:01:04","date_gmt":"2024-11-27T05:01:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=75013"},"modified":"2024-11-27T00:01:04","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T05:01:04","slug":"smaller-brains-fewer-friends-an-evolutionary-biologist-asks-how-ai-will-change-humanitys-future","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/smaller-brains-fewer-friends-an-evolutionary-biologist-asks-how-ai-will-change-humanitys-future\/","title":{"rendered":"Smaller brains? Fewer friends? An evolutionary biologist asks how AI will change humanity\u2019s future"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

What will humans be like generations from now in a world transformed by artificial intelligence (AI)? Plenty of thinkers have applied themselves to questions like this, considering how AI will alter lives \u2013 often for better, sometimes for worse.<\/p>\n

They have conjured dramatic scenarios, like\u00a0AI-driven extinction<\/a>\u00a0of humans (and many other species), or our\u00a0assimilation<\/a>\u00a0into human-AI cyborgs. The predictions are generally grim, pitting the fate of all humans against a unitary (or unified) AI opponent.<\/p>\n

What if the AI future doesn\u2019t stretch to these sci-fi dystopias? For an evolutionary biologist, seeing AI technologies diversify into all manner of applications looks a lot like the proliferation of microbes, plants and animals in an ecological landscape.<\/p>\n

Which led me to ask: how might human evolution be altered by interactions with a world of rich AI diversity? In a paper just published in\u00a0The Quarterly Review of Biology<\/a>, I considered the many ways AI might alter physical, biological and social environments, and how that might influence natural selection.<\/p>\n

Predicting evolution is a mug\u2019s game<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Natural selection<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 the mechanism behind evolution \u2013 is an inevitable consequence of genetic differences in reproduction among individuals.<\/p>\n

Those differences arise as a result of interactions with physical features of the environment (like minimum temperatures), with other species (like predators or parasites) and with other members of the same species (like mates, allies or hostile outsiders).<\/p>\n

When Asian gray wolves started hanging around humans around 30,000 years ago, the more reactive wolves were chased away or killed. This\u00a0whittled away genes<\/a>\u00a0for skittishness and aggression, beginning the process of dog domestication. The inadvertent selection that turned wolves into dogs turns out to be instructive in how AI might inadvertently shape the evolution of human brains and behaviour.<\/p>\n

\u201cTrying to predict the future is a mug\u2019s game,\u201d\u00a0said English author Douglas Adams<\/a>. This is especially true of technologies like AI.<\/p>\n

But predicting evolution is, if anything, even more precarious. Combining the two involves considerable speculation, and the very strong possibility of being wrong.<\/p>\n

At the risk of being wrong, my intention is to start a conversation about how human evolution, and traits that we most value in one another, might be altered by AI.<\/p>\n

\"\"

By chasing away aggressive wolves, humans inadvertently began the domestication process that led to domestic dogs. Aleksandra Madejska\/Shutterstock<\/p><\/div>\n

Mutual or parasitic?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

It might be informative to think of the AI-human relationship as a\u00a0mutualism<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 two species each providing the other with something they need.<\/p>\n

Computers are beasts of computational burden that benefit their human users. Those benefits will grow with developments in AI. There is already evidence that cultural sharing of knowledge and writing lightened the load on individuals to remember everything. As a result,\u00a0human brains have shrunk<\/a>\u00a0over recent millennia.<\/p>\n

Perhaps AI, online searchable knowledge and social media posts that \u201cremember\u201d who-did-what-to-whom will carry more of our memory burden. If so, perhaps human brains will evolve to become even smaller, with less stand-alone memory.<\/p>\n

Don\u2019t panic. The benefits of smaller brains include safer births for both mother and newborn. And with computers and AI holding ever-growing records and stores of knowledge, humanity will still be able to do remarkable intelligence-driven things\u2026 as long as they can access the AI.<\/p>\n

However, mutualists can take another path.\u00a0They can evolve into harmful parasites<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 organisms that live at the expense of another organism, their host.<\/p>\n

You could think of social media platforms as parasitic. They started out providing useful ways to stay connected (mutualism) but so captured our attention that many users no longer have the time they need for\u00a0human-human social interactions and sleep<\/a>\u00a0(parasitism).<\/p>\n

If AI learns to capture user attention ever more effectively, stoking anger and fomenting social comparison, the consequences for who lives, dies and reproduces will affect evolution. In the best of a series of bleak scenarios, the ability to resist social media or remain unmoved by rage-bait might evolve to be stronger.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Clownfish are well known for having a mutualistic relationship with sea anemones. Kurit Afshen\/Shutterstock<\/p><\/div>\n

Intimacy with computers<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Important as other species were to human evolution,\u00a0interactions with other humans<\/a>\u00a0were even more formative. Now AIs are sliding into our social lives.<\/p>\n

The growth of \u201cartificial intimacy<\/a>\u201d \u2013 technologies that emulate our social behaviours like making friends and forming intimate relationships \u2013 is among the most astounding areas of AI progress.<\/p>\n

Humans haven\u2019t evolved a social capacity for dealing with computers. So, we apply our \u201ctools\u201d for dealing with other humans\u00a0to machines<\/a>. Especially when those machines converse with us via text, voice or video.<\/p>\n

In our interactions with people, we keep an eye on the possibility the other person is not being genuine. An AI \u201cvirtual friend\u201d doesn\u2019t have feelings, but users\u00a0treat them as if they do<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Artificial intimacy could make us more wary of interactions over phones or screens. Or perhaps our descendants will feel less lonely without human company and humans will become more solitary creatures.<\/p>\n

The question is not trivial<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Speculating about genetic evolution might seem trivial compared with AI\u2019s direct effects on individual lives. Brilliant\u00a0AI researchers<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0writers<\/a>\u00a0are already focused on the way AI will\u00a0improve or diminish<\/a>\u00a0the lives of people who are alive right now.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s not as immediate a concern, then, to worry about distant gene changes AI might influence many generations from now. But it certainly bears thinking about.<\/p>\n

The pioneering ecologist\u00a0Robert MacArthur<\/a>\u00a0said \u201cthere are worse things for a scientist than to be wrong. One is to be trivial\u201d.<\/p>\n

Evolutionary changes over many generations could well change or even diminish some of the human traits we cherish most, including friendship, intimacy, communication, trust and intelligence, because these are the traits AI engages most profoundly.<\/p>\n

In a non-trivial way, that could alter what it means to be human.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Rob Brooks is Scientia Professor of Evolution at UNSW Sydney<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

What will humans be like generations from now in a world transformed by artificial intelligence (AI)? Plenty of thinkers have applied themselves to questions like this, considering how AI will alter lives \u2013 often for better, sometimes for worse. They have conjured dramatic scenarios, like\u00a0AI-driven extinction\u00a0of humans (and many other species), or our\u00a0assimilation\u00a0into human-AI cyborgs. […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-75013","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-social-change"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSmaller brains? Fewer friends? 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