{"id":72956,"date":"2024-05-24T00:06:08","date_gmt":"2024-05-24T04:06:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=72956"},"modified":"2024-05-24T00:06:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-24T04:06:08","slug":"woke-and-gaslight-dont-mean-what-you-think-they-do-heres-why-thats-a-problem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/woke-and-gaslight-dont-mean-what-you-think-they-do-heres-why-thats-a-problem\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Woke\u2019 and \u2018gaslight\u2019 don\u2019t mean what you think they do \u2013 here\u2019s why that\u2019s a problem"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Words and phrases change their meaning often as language evolves.<\/p>\n

In the past, something was\u00a0\u201cawful\u201d<\/a>\u00a0if it was amazing (think \u201cawesome\u201d or \u201cawe-inspiring\u201d). A\u00a0\u201cnaughty\u201d<\/a>\u00a0person was poor rather than poorly behaved.<\/p>\n

Only museum exhibitions could be curated, certainly\u00a0not wardrobes, flats<\/a>\u00a0or social media pages.\u00a0\u201cBimbo\u201d<\/a>\u00a0meant \u201creckless man\u201d, but is now a sexist word for a young woman, complicated by recent attempts to\u00a0\u201creclaim\u201d the term<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Some of these changes are benign, some more troubling. One worry is that when we have a precise term for something, and the meaning of this term changes, we might find ourselves unable to understand or communicate about whatever that thing is. To see why, it\u2019s worth looking at three examples.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s difficult to say what \u201cwoke\u201d means. It\u2019s used variously as a\u00a0positive<\/a>,\u00a0neutral<\/a>\u00a0or\u00a0negative<\/a>\u00a0word for someone who has socially liberal views, with a lot of\u00a0disagreement about which views count<\/a>. But it used to mean something much more precise.<\/p>\n

In the wake of\u00a0the 1931 arrest of the Scottsboro Nine<\/a>\u00a0in the racially segregated US, blues singer\u00a0Lead Belly told fellow African-Americans<\/a>\u00a0travelling through the area to \u201cstay woke\u201d, warning them to be aware of the pervasive threat of violent racism. From there, the term meant \u201calertness to racist injustice\u201d.<\/p>\n

The sociologist Arlie Hochschild coined\u00a0\u201cemotional labour\u201d<\/a>\u00a0to mean the work that a person does in managing their own emotional state to provide a particular experience to others. For example, a waiter who remains friendly towards a rude patron performs emotional labour.<\/p>\n

It is now used much more\u00a0broadly<\/a>.\u00a0Housework<\/a>,\u00a0supporting friends<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0organising social occasions<\/a>\u00a0have all been called \u201cemotional labour\u201d. A quick search of TikTok reveals how widely emotional labour is used in ways that depart from what Hochschild meant.<\/p>\n

Another word that is commonly used these days is \u201cgaslighting\u201d. Based on the events of\u00a0the play Gas Light by Patrick Hamilton<\/a>, \u201cgaslighting\u201d is a specific kind of abuse whereby someone is made to\u00a0doubt their own ability to know about the world<\/a>.<\/p>\n

One person makes another\u00a0doubt that what they perceive or remember is real<\/a>\u00a0to manipulate them. More recently, it is used to mean\u00a0any kind of lying<\/a>\u00a0or\u00a0disagreeing with someone<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Where\u2019s the harm?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Language is a tool we use to understand and communicate the world. When we don\u2019t have the words for something, it is difficult or impossible to properly understand that thing.<\/p>\n

As an example,\u00a0the philosopher Miranda Fricker discusses<\/a>\u00a0the experience of Wendy Sanford<\/a>. Sanford experienced postpartum depression following the birth of her son, but didn\u2019t have the language to describe what she was going through. When she discovered the term \u201cpostpartum depression\u201d, she came to understand her experience as a medical condition, where previously she had mistakenly understood it as a personal failing.<\/p>\n

When precise terms change their meaning, we lose a tool for understanding and communicating about an idea or experience because the words that previously helped us to do this are no longer suitable. In my research, I call this process\u00a0\u201chermeneutical disarmament\u201d<\/a>.<\/p>\n

When \u201cwoke\u201d just means \u201csocially liberal\u201d, Black speakers lose an effective way to communicate about being self-protectively aware of racist injustice. Simply talking about \u201calertness to injustice\u201d will not do either. \u201cWoke\u201d communicates alertness to injustice as gaining consciousness, a radical change in a person\u2019s perspective on the world.<\/p>\n

Hochschild describes<\/a>\u00a0meeting workers who tell her that her research makes them feel seen, bringing to light an experience that was previously \u201cinvisible\u201d by giving it a name. Changes to the meaning of \u201cemotional labour\u201d undermine these gains.<\/p>\n

A waiter who comes across the phrase \u201cemotional labour\u201d as meaning any emotionally draining work usually performed by women misses out on a tool for understanding the effort that she puts into managing her own emotional state for her a job.<\/p>\n

When \u201cgaslighting\u201d just means \u201clying\u201d, we lose a tool for talking about this specific form of abuse. This could have serious implications for victims of this abuse, and for practitioners and activists working in this area.<\/p>\n

Hermeneutical disarmament looks straightforwardly bad. However, it is sometimes desirable to change our language.<\/p>\n

Consider changes to the meaning of \u201cmarriage\u201d. Before this legal status is extended to same-sex couples, the term \u201cmarriage\u201d refers to a relationship that is highly esteemed but exclusively heterosexual.<\/p>\n

When same-sex marriage is legalised, we lose a term that presents heterosexual committed relationships as somehow superior to other committed romantic relationships. This represents a favourable linguistic change for people who are unjustly discriminated against.<\/p>\n

Changes to language are hard to predict and even harder to control. So, it\u2019s difficult to say what we can do to guard against the harmful instances.<\/p>\n

But some people do have more influence than others over the way that language develops. Journalists who write for a large audience and\u00a0influential figures on social media (\u201cinfluencers\u201d)<\/a>\u00a0can introduce specialist terms to their readership, staying true to their original meaning or proposing a new definition.<\/p>\n

When using the kind of precise terminology that matters here, journalists, social media influencers, and so on, should take care to use these terms by accurately representing their original meanings.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Robbie Morgan is a Lecturer and Consultant in Applied Ethics at the University of Leeds<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Words and phrases change their meaning often as language evolves. In the past, something was\u00a0\u201cawful\u201d\u00a0if it was amazing (think \u201cawesome\u201d or \u201cawe-inspiring\u201d). A\u00a0\u201cnaughty\u201d\u00a0person was poor rather than poorly behaved. Only museum exhibitions could be curated, certainly\u00a0not wardrobes, flats\u00a0or social media pages.\u00a0\u201cBimbo\u201d\u00a0meant \u201creckless man\u201d, but is now a sexist word for a young woman, complicated by […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[95],"tags":[434955],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-72956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lifestyle","tag-evolving-language"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u2018Woke\u2019 and \u2018gaslight\u2019 don\u2019t mean what you think they do \u2013 here\u2019s why that\u2019s a problem - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/woke-and-gaslight-dont-mean-what-you-think-they-do-heres-why-thats-a-problem\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u2018Woke\u2019 and \u2018gaslight\u2019 don\u2019t mean what you think they do \u2013 here\u2019s why that\u2019s a problem - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Words and phrases change their meaning often as language evolves. 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