{"id":70610,"date":"2023-11-07T07:01:28","date_gmt":"2023-11-07T12:01:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=70610"},"modified":"2023-11-07T07:01:28","modified_gmt":"2023-11-07T12:01:28","slug":"whats-your-chronotype-knowing-whether-youre-a-night-owl-or-an-early-bird-could-help-you-do-better-on-tests-and-avoid-scams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/whats-your-chronotype-knowing-whether-youre-a-night-owl-or-an-early-bird-could-help-you-do-better-on-tests-and-avoid-scams\/","title":{"rendered":"What\u2019s your chronotype? Knowing whether you\u2019re a night owl or an early bird could help you do better on tests and avoid scams"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Timing is everything. For early risers and late-nighters alike, listening to your internal clock may be the key to success. From the classroom to the courtroom and beyond, people perform best on challenging tasks at a time of day that\u00a0aligns with their circadian rhythm<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Circadian rhythms<\/a>\u00a0are powerful internal timekeepers that drive a person\u2019s physiological and intellectual functioning throughout the day. Peaks in these circadian rhythms vary across individuals. Some people, known as larks or morning chronotypes, peak early and feel at their best in the morning. Others, known as owls or evening chronotypes, peak later in the day and perform best in the late afternoon or evening. And some people show neither morning nor evening preferences and are considered neutral chronotypes.<\/p>\n

As a researcher<\/a>\u00a0seeking ways to improve cognitive function, I\u2019ve explored whether your chronotype affects your mental performance. Understanding the kinds of mental processes that vary \u2013 or remain stable \u2013 over the course of a day may help people schedule their tasks in a way that optimizes performance.<\/p>\n

Why your chronotype matters<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Chronotype can be measured with a\u00a0simple questionnaire<\/a>\u00a0that assesses things like your perceived alertness, preferred rising and retiring times and performance throughout the day. Even without a questionnaire, most people have a sense of whether they are a lark or an owl or fall somewhere in between. Do you wake up early, without an alarm, feeling sharp? Are you mentally drained and ready for pj\u2019s by nine? If so, you are likely a morning type. Do you sleep late and wake feeling sluggish and foggy? Are you more energized late at night? If so, you are likely an evening type.<\/p>\n

People perform best on many challenging mental tasks \u2013 from\u00a0paying attention<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0learning<\/a>\u00a0to\u00a0solving problems<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0making complex decisions<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 when these actions are synchronized with their personal circadian peaks. This is known as the\u00a0synchrony effect<\/a>. Whether you are an air traffic controller scanning the radar, a CFO reviewing an earnings report or a high school student learning chemistry, synchrony can affect how well you perform.<\/p>\n

Much of the evidence for synchrony effects comes from lab studies that test both larks and owls early in the morning and late in the day. People with strong chronotypes are\u00a0more vigilant<\/a>\u00a0and better able to\u00a0sustain attention<\/a>\u00a0at their peak relative to off-peak times. Their memories are sharper, with\u00a0better list recall<\/a>\u00a0and more success in\u00a0remembering \u201cto-do\u201d tasks<\/a>\u00a0like taking medication.<\/p>\n

People are also less prone to\u00a0mind wandering<\/a>\u00a0and less distracted at their optimal time. For example, a study I conducted gave participants three weakly related cue words (such as \u201cship,\u201d \u201couter\u201d and \u201ccrawl\u201d). They were tasked to find another word that linked all three (such as \u201cspace\u201d). When my team and I presented misleading words alongside the cue words (such as \u201cocean\u201d for ship, \u201cinner\u201d for outer and \u201cbaby\u201d for crawl), those who were tested at synchronous times were\u00a0better at ignoring the misleading words<\/a>\u00a0and finding the target solution than those who weren\u2019t.<\/p>\n

Synchrony also affects high-level cognitive functions like persuasion, reasoning and decision-making. Studies on consumers have found that people are more\u00a0discerning<\/a>,\u00a0skeptical<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0analytical<\/a>\u00a0at their peak times. They\u00a0invest more time and effort<\/a>\u00a0in assigned tasks and are more likely to\u00a0search for important information<\/a>. Consequently, people make\u00a0better investment decisions<\/a>, are less\u00a0prone to bias<\/a>\u00a0and are\u00a0more likely to detect scams<\/a>.<\/p>\n

At off-peak times it takes people\u00a0longer to solve problems<\/a>, and they tend to be\u00a0less careful<\/a>\u00a0and more\u00a0reliant on mental shortcuts<\/a>, leaving them\u00a0vulnerable to flashy marketing schemes<\/a>. Even ethical behavior can be compromised at non-optimal times, as people are\u00a0more likely to cheat<\/a>\u00a0at their off-peak times.<\/p>\n

In the classroom and the clinic<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The basic mental abilities that are affected by synchrony \u2013 including attention, memory and analytical thinking \u2013 are all skills that contribute to academic success. This connection is especially significant for teens, who\u00a0tend to be night owls<\/a>\u00a0but typically start school early.<\/p>\n

One study randomly assigned over 700 adolescents to exam times in the early morning, late morning or afternoon.\u00a0Owls had lower scores<\/a>\u00a0relative to larks in both morning sessions, but this disadvantage disappeared for owls taking the exam in the afternoon. Early start times may put student owls a step behind larks.<\/p>\n

Time of day may also be a consideration when conducting assessments for cognitive disorders like attention-deficit disorder or Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Scheduling time may be particularly significant for\u00a0older adults, who tend to be larks<\/a>\u00a0and often show\u00a0larger synchrony effects<\/a>\u00a0than young adults. Performance is better at peak times on\u00a0several key neuropsychological measures<\/a>\u00a0used to assess these conditions. Failing to consider synchrony may affect the accuracy of diagnoses and subsequently have consequences for clinical trial eligibility and data on treatment effectiveness.<\/p>\n

Of course, synchrony doesn\u2019t affect performance on all tasks or for all people. Simple, easy tasks \u2013 like recognizing familiar faces or places, dialing a close friend\u2019s phone number or making a favorite recipe \u2013 are unlikely to change over the day. Furthermore, young adults who are\u00a0neither larks nor owls<\/a>\u00a0show less variability in performance over the day.<\/p>\n

For those who are true early birds or night owls, tackling the toughest mental tasks at times that align with their personal circadian peaks could improve their outcomes. When small improvements in performance offer an essential edge, synchrony may be one secret to success.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Cindi May is a Professor of Psychology at the College of Charleston<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Timing is everything. For early risers and late-nighters alike, listening to your internal clock may be the key to success. From the classroom to the courtroom and beyond, people perform best on challenging tasks at a time of day that\u00a0aligns with their circadian rhythm. Circadian rhythms\u00a0are powerful internal timekeepers that drive a person\u2019s physiological and […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[434707],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-70610","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education","tag-circadian-rhythms"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhat\u2019s your chronotype? 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