{"id":67387,"date":"2023-03-06T01:11:54","date_gmt":"2023-03-06T06:11:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=67387"},"modified":"2023-03-06T01:11:54","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T06:11:54","slug":"generative-ai-like-chatgpt-reveal-deep-seated-systemic-issues-beyond-the-tech-industry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/generative-ai-like-chatgpt-reveal-deep-seated-systemic-issues-beyond-the-tech-industry\/","title":{"rendered":"Generative AI like ChatGPT reveal deep-seated systemic issues beyond the tech industry"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

ChatGPT has cast long shadows over the media as the latest form of\u00a0disruptive technology<\/a>. For some, ChatGPT is a harbinger of the end of\u00a0academic<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0scientific integrity<\/a>, and\u00a0a threat to white collar jobs<\/a>\u00a0and our\u00a0democratic institutions<\/a>.<\/p>\n

How concerned should we be about generative artificial intelligence (AI)? The developers of ChatGPT describe it as\u00a0\u201ca model\u2026 which interacts in a conversational way\u201d<\/a>\u00a0while also calling it a\u00a0\u201chorrible product\u201d<\/a>\u00a0for its inconsistent results.<\/p>\n

It can write emails, summarize documents, review code and provide comments, translate documents, create content, play games, and, of course, chat. This is hardly the stuff of a dystopian future.<\/p>\n

We should not fear the introduction of technologies, but neither should we assume they serve our interests. Societies are in a constant process of cultural evolution defined by inertia from the past, temporary consensus and disruptive technologies that introduce new ideas and approaches.<\/p>\n

We must understand and embrace the co-evolution of humans and technology by considering what a technology is designed to do, how it relates to us and how our lives will change from it.<\/p>\n

Are ChatGPT and DALL-E really creators?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Along with intelligence, creativity is often considered a uniquely human ability. But creativity is not exclusive to humans \u2014 it is a property that has emerged across species as a product of\u00a0convergent evolution<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Species as diverse as\u00a0crows<\/a>,\u00a0octopuses<\/a>,\u00a0dolphins<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0chimpanzees<\/a>\u00a0can improvize and use tools as well.<\/p>\n

Despite the liberal use of the term, creativity is\u00a0notoriously hard to capture<\/a>. Its features include\u00a0the quantity of output<\/a>,\u00a0identifying connections between seemingly unrelated things (remote associations)<\/a>\u00a0and providing atypical solutions to problems.<\/p>\n

Creativity does not simply reside in the individual; our social networks and values are also important<\/a>. As the presence of cultural variants increases, we have a larger pool of ideas, products and processes to draw from.<\/p>\n

Our cultural experiences are resources for creativity. The more diverse ideas we are exposed to, the more novel connections we can make.\u00a0Studies have suggested<\/a>\u00a0that\u00a0multicultural experience is positively associated with creativity<\/a>. The greater the distance between cultures,\u00a0the more creative products we can observe<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Creativity can also lead to convergence. Different individuals can create similar ideas independent of one another, a process referred to as\u00a0scientific co-discovery<\/a>. The invention of calculus and the theory of natural selection are the most prominent examples of this.<\/p>\n

Artificial intelligence is defined by its ability to learn, identify patterns and use decision-making rules.<\/p>\n

If linguistic and artistic products are patterns, then AI \u2014 especially those like ChatGPT and DALL-E \u2014 should be capable of creativity by assimilating and combining divergent patterns from different artists.\u00a0Microsoft\u2019s Bing chatbot<\/a>\u00a0claims that as one of its core values.<\/p>\n

AI needs people<\/strong><\/h4>\n

There is a fundamental problem with such programs: art is now data. By scooping up these products through a process of analysis and synthesis, we can ignore the contributions and cultural traditions of human creators. Without citing and crediting these sources, they can be seen as\u00a0high-tech plagiarism<\/a>, appropriating artistic products that have taken generations to accumulate. Concerns of\u00a0cultural appropriation<\/a>\u00a0must also be applicable to AI.<\/p>\n

AI might someday evolve in unpredictable ways, but for the moment,\u00a0they still rely on humans<\/a>\u00a0for their data, design and operations, and the social and ethical challenges they present.<\/p>\n

Humans are still needed for quality control. These efforts often reside within the impenetrable\u00a0black box of AI<\/a>, with these operations often outsourced to markets where\u00a0labour is cheaper<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The recent high-profile story of CNET\u2019s\u00a0\u201cAI journalist\u201d<\/a>\u00a0presents another example of why skilled human interventions are needed.<\/p>\n

CNET started discretely using an AI bot to write articles<\/a>\u00a0in November 2020. After significant errors were pointed out by other news sites, the website ended up publishing lengthy corrections for the AI-written content and\u00a0did a full audit of the tool<\/a>.<\/p>\n

At present, there are no rules to determine whether AI products are creative, coherent or meaningful. These are decisions that must be made by people.<\/p>\n

As industries adopt AI, old roles occupied by humans will be lost. Research tells us these losses will be felt the most by those in\u00a0already vulnerable positions<\/a>. This pattern follows a general trend of\u00a0adopting technologies before we understand \u2014 or care about \u2014 their social and ethical implications<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Industries rarely consider how a displaced workforce will be re-trained, leaving those individuals and their communities to address these disruptions.<\/p>\n

Systemic issues go beyond AI<\/strong><\/h4>\n

DALL-E has been portrayed as a\u00a0threat to artistic integrity<\/a>\u00a0because of its ability to automatically generate images of people, exotic worlds and fantastical imagery. Others claim ChatGPT has\u00a0killed the essay<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Rather than seeing AI as the cause of new problems, we might better understand AI ethics as bringing attention to old ones.\u00a0Academic misconduct<\/a>\u00a0is a common problem caused by underlying issues including peer influence,\u00a0perceived consensus<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0perception of penalties<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Programs like ChatGPT and DALL-E will merely facilitate such behaviour. Institutions need to acknowledge these vulnerabilities and develop new policies, procedures and\u00a0ethical norms<\/a>\u00a0to address these issues.<\/p>\n

Questionable research practices\u00a0are also not uncommon<\/a>.\u00a0Concerns over AI-authored research papers<\/a>\u00a0are simply an extension of inappropriate authorship practices, such as\u00a0ghost and gift authorship in the biomedical sciences<\/a>. They hinge on\u00a0discipline conventions, outdated academic reward systems and a lack of personal integrity<\/a>.<\/p>\n

As publishers reckon with\u00a0questions of AI authorship<\/a>, they must confront deeper issues, like why the mass production of academic papers\u00a0continues to be incentivized<\/a>.<\/p>\n

New solutions to new problems<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Before we shift responsibility to institutions, we need to consider whether we are providing them with sufficient resources to meet these challenges.\u00a0Teachers are already burned out<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0the peer review system is overtaxed<\/a>.<\/p>\n

One solution is to fight AI with AI using\u00a0plagiarism detection tools<\/a>. Other\u00a0tools can be developed<\/a>\u00a0to attribute art work to its creators, or\u00a0detect the use of AI in written papers<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The solutions to AI are hardly simple, but they can be stated simply: the fault is not in our AI, but in ourselves. To paraphrase Nietzsche, if you stare into the AI abyss, it will stare back at you.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Jordan Richard Schoenherr is Assistant Professor, Psychology at Concordia University<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ChatGPT has cast long shadows over the media as the latest form of\u00a0disruptive technology. For some, ChatGPT is a harbinger of the end of\u00a0academic\u00a0and\u00a0scientific integrity, and\u00a0a threat to white collar jobs\u00a0and our\u00a0democratic institutions. How concerned should we be about generative artificial intelligence (AI)? The developers of ChatGPT describe it as\u00a0\u201ca model\u2026 which interacts in a […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[59],"tags":[434306],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-67387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-science-tech","tag-generative-ai"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGenerative AI like ChatGPT reveal deep-seated systemic issues beyond the tech industry - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/generative-ai-like-chatgpt-reveal-deep-seated-systemic-issues-beyond-the-tech-industry\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Generative AI like ChatGPT reveal deep-seated systemic issues beyond the tech industry - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ChatGPT has cast long shadows over the media as the latest form of\u00a0disruptive technology. 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