{"id":67353,"date":"2023-03-02T03:58:48","date_gmt":"2023-03-02T08:58:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=67353"},"modified":"2023-03-02T03:58:48","modified_gmt":"2023-03-02T08:58:48","slug":"chatgpt-killed-the-student-essay-philosophers-call-bullshit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/chatgpt-killed-the-student-essay-philosophers-call-bullshit\/","title":{"rendered":"ChatGPT killed the student essay? Philosophers call bullshit"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Since\u00a0ChatGPT<\/a>\u00a0was released,\u00a0many commentators<\/a>\u00a0are sounding the alarm about an artificial intelligence (AI) takeover,\u00a0suggesting that<\/a>\u00a0professors will soon be out of a job, or that the student\u00a0essay is dead<\/a>.<\/p>\n

This is reactionary and misguided. ChatGPT, by its very nature, cannot do the kinds of things we ought to want student essays to do.<\/p>\n

ChatGPT does not, and cannot, like other AI,\u00a0give a damn<\/a>: In the words of philosopher John Haugeland, AI cannot possibly give a damn, as nothing matters to it.<\/p>\n

ChatGPT does, however, pose a unique set of challenges and opportunities when it comes to education and assessment \u2014 some of which ChatGPT has not so much created as brought to light with new urgency.<\/p>\n

Beyond\u00a0existing shortcuts<\/a>\u00a0facilitated by online tools that predate ChatGPT, students and educators may have lost sight of some of the skills and values that essay writing is meant to develop \u2014\u00a0namely, judgment and<\/a>\u00a0giving a damn.<\/p>\n

Shortcuts already abound<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Does this require educators to stop to think about \u2014 and potentially change \u2014 some of\u00a0our teaching and assessment<\/a>\u00a0practices<\/a>? Absolutely.<\/p>\n

Does ChatGPT signal the\u00a0death of critical thinking<\/a>? Quite the opposite.<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s first consider the landscape before ChatGPT arrived on the scene. Online textual summaries and ready-made analyses offering shortcuts to actual reading and understanding have been readily accessible.<\/p>\n

Essay mills are easy to find, and as\u00a0The Washington Post<\/em>\u00a0reports, \u201conline tests have also meant a booming business for companies that sell homework and test answers, including Chegg and Course Hero<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n

There will always be students who\u00a0use these shortcuts<\/a>. Teachers and administrators will do their best to catch them, but some will inevitably get away with it.<\/p>\n

Novel feature of ChatGPT<\/h4>\n

A genuinely novel feature of ChatGPT, however, is the speed and ease with which students can take shortcuts to bypass the difficult processes of reading, understanding, thinking and writing.<\/p>\n

Before, students may have had to browse multiple websites or shared cloud documents and piece together their findings. Now, a series of prompts from their smartphone will do.<\/p>\n

But why should speed and ease be the change that make a difference? The efficiency with which students can now cheat does not warrant claims about the death of the student essay.<\/p>\n

These problems have been around since long before the arrival of ChatGPT. They\u2019re just harder to ignore now.<\/p>\n

No understanding: a bullshitter?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

What about the essays that ChatGPT produces?<\/p>\n

Yes, ChatGPT can often cogently answer straightforward essay prompts, but these essays show no regard for understanding, judgment or truth. When we asked ChatGPT to explain itself to a group of philosophy students, it readily admits \u201cit doesn\u2019t have any understanding of the world, beliefs or moral values.\u201d<\/p>\n

This had led some commentators\u00a0to suggest<\/a>\u00a0ChatGPT is a \u201cbullshitter\u201d in the\u00a0philosophical sense<\/a>\u00a0of that term: According to the philosopher Harry Frankfurt, whereas a liar must to some extent be responding to the truth, the bullshitter has no regard for truth or falsity \u2014 their \u201ceye is not on the facts at all.\u201d<\/p>\n

The bullshitter merely\u00a0makes things up<\/a>\u00a0as they see fit, to suit their purposes.<\/p>\n

\"\"

ChatGPT readily admits it has no understanding of the world, beliefs or moral values. (Dylan J. White), Author provided<\/p><\/div>\n

AI does not care what it says<\/strong><\/h4>\n

It is tempting to see ChatGPT in this light, but this doesn\u2019t go far enough. True, ChatGPT has no regard for the truth.\u00a0How could it<\/a>?<\/p>\n

It\u2019s not just that ChatGPT is a bullshitter with no regard for the truth, but that it has no regard for anything.<\/p>\n

Philosopher\u00a0Evan Selinger<\/a>\u00a0puts this well:<\/p>\n

\u201cOpenAI can\u2019t make a technology that truly cares because that requires consciousness, inner experiences, an independent perspective and emotions. To care, you need to put things in perspective, offer respect, take offense when appropriate and provide camaraderie.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

This is why ChatGPT, by its very nature, cannot do the kinds of things that we ought to want student essays to do. The \u201cessays\u201d it produces have no regard for the truth, demonstrate no understanding and have not even a hint of caring about what is said.<\/p>\n

Genuine stakes<\/strong><\/h4>\n

What ought we want a student essay to do? What writing skills are valuable for students to develop? There are many plausible answers, all of which will vary from classroom to classroom.<\/p>\n

But overall, a compelling answer is captured by what Brian Cantwell Smith, a philosopher of artificial intelligence,\u00a0calls judgment<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 a form of thought that is deliberative, open-minded, grounded by caring and responsible action and context appropriate.<\/p>\n

Judgment requires the agent to be normatively situated within a world \u2014 in other words, to care about itself in relation to the people and things around it. As Cantwell Smith\u00a0writes<\/a>:<\/p>\n

\u201cOnly with existential commitment, genuine stakes and passionate resolve to hold things accountable to being in the world can a system (human or machine) genuinely\u2026distinguish truth from falsity, respond appropriately to context and shoulder responsibility.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

That is, understanding and judgment require giving a damn \u2014 and this is what teachers and our society at large ought to want student essays to reflect.<\/p>\n

Raising the standards on being human<\/strong><\/h4>\n

As Cantwell Smith asks: \u201ccan articulating a conception of judgment provide us with inspiration on how we might use the advent of AI to raise the standards on what it is to be human?\u201d<\/p>\n

What we have argued here suggests the answer is a clear and unequivocal yes.<\/p>\n

Author Bios:<\/strong> Dylan J. White is a Philosophy PhD Student and Joshua August (Gus) Skorburg is Assistant Professor of Philosophy both at the University of Guelph<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Since\u00a0ChatGPT\u00a0was released,\u00a0many commentators\u00a0are sounding the alarm about an artificial intelligence (AI) takeover,\u00a0suggesting that\u00a0professors will soon be out of a job, or that the student\u00a0essay is dead. This is reactionary and misguided. ChatGPT, by its very nature, cannot do the kinds of things we ought to want student essays to do. ChatGPT does not, and cannot, […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[523],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-67353","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-higher-education","tag-essay-writing"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nChatGPT killed the student essay? 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