{"id":66124,"date":"2022-12-01T23:06:26","date_gmt":"2022-12-02T04:06:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=66124"},"modified":"2022-12-01T23:06:26","modified_gmt":"2022-12-02T04:06:26","slug":"dyscalculia-how-to-support-your-child-if-they-have-mathematical-learning-difficulties","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/dyscalculia-how-to-support-your-child-if-they-have-mathematical-learning-difficulties\/","title":{"rendered":"Dyscalculia: how to support your child if they have mathematical learning difficulties"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-66125\" src=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/childhatesmaths.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"453\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/childhatesmaths.jpeg 680w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/childhatesmaths-250x167.jpeg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>A good grasp of maths has been linked to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalnumeracy.org.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-04\/Counting%20on%20the%20Recovery%20(compressed)%20FINAL.pdf\">greater success in employment<\/a>\u00a0and better health. But a large proportion of us \u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00516\/full\">up to 22%<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 have mathematical learning difficulties. What\u2019s more, around\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pure.qub.ac.uk\/en\/publications\/the-prevalence-of-specific-learning-disorder-in-mathematics-and-c\">6% of children in primary schools<\/a>\u00a0may have dyscalculia, a mathematical learning disability.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucl.ac.uk\/ioe\/departments-and-centres\/departments\/psychology-and-human-development\/child-development-and-learning-difficulties-lab\/awareness-developmental-dyscalculia-and-mathematical-difficulties-toolkit-add\">Developmental dyscalculia<\/a>\u00a0is a persistent difficulty in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bdadyslexia.org.uk\/dyscalculia\">understanding numbers<\/a>\u00a0which can affect anyone, regardless of age or ability.<\/p>\n<p>If 6% of children have dyscalculia, that would mean one or two children in each primary school class of 30 \u2013 about as many children as have been estimated to have\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8183124\/\">dyslexia<\/a>. But dyscalculia is less well known, by both the general public and teachers. It is also less well researched in comparison to other learning difficulties.<\/p>\n<p>Children with dyscalculia may struggle to learn foundational mathematical skills and concepts, such as simple counting, adding, subtracting and simple multiplication as well as times tables. Later, they may have difficulty with more advanced mathematical facts and procedures, such as borrowing and carrying over but also understanding fractions and ratios, for instance. Dyscalculia not only affects children during maths lessons: it can have an impact on all areas of the curriculum.<\/p>\n<p>These persistent difficulties cannot be explained by a general below-average ability level, or other developmental disorders. Nevertheless, children with dyscalculia may also experience other learning difficulties, such as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3514770\/\">dyslexia and ADHD<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some practical tips to support children with mathematical learning difficulties.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Use props<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Children with dyscalculia can find additional\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33845673\/\">practical supports<\/a>\u00a0useful when working out even simple sums and maths problems. They may often need to use practical aids, such as their fingers or an abacus. They can benefit from using counters and beads to make sets or groups, as well as using number lines to work out answers to maths problems.<br \/>\n<center><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">We are hugely excited and thrilled that BBC Young Reporter of the year Rose has created this amazing video about Dyscalculia! <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Dyscalculia?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Dyscalculia<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/dyscalculiaawareness?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#dyscalculiaawareness<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/d03jmTvTgl\">https:\/\/t.co\/d03jmTvTgl<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; The Dyscalculia Network (@DyscalculiaNet1) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/DyscalculiaNet1\/status\/1588430330671026176?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">November 4, 2022<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Older children may find it helpful to keep crib sheets handy, which make information such as the times tables or certain formulas easily accessible. Inclusive teaching methods like these are likely to benefit all learners, not just those with dyscalculia.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Break the problem down<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Research shows that\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk\/education-evidence\/teaching-learning-toolkit\/metacognition-and-self-regulation\">metacognition<\/a>\u00a0can have a positive effect on maths learning. Metacognition is \u201cthinking about thinking\u201d \u2013 for example, thinking about the information you do and don\u2019t know, or self awareness about the strategies you have to work out problems.<\/p>\n<p>Teaching children strategies to identify where to start on a problem and how to break mathematical problems down could be a good starting point. For example, parents and teachers could encourage children to use songs and mnemonics to help them remember strategies to solve particular problems.<\/p>\n<p>For example, the mnemonic DRAW provides students with a strategy for solving addition, subtraction, multiplication, &amp; division problems:<\/p>\n<p>D: discover the sign \u2013 the student finds, circles, and says the name of the operator (+,-, x or \/).<\/p>\n<p>R: read the problem \u2013 the student reads the equation.<\/p>\n<p>A: answer \u2013 the student draws tallies or circles to find the answer, and checks it over.<\/p>\n<p>W: write the answer \u2013 the student writes out the answer to the problem.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Find out where help is needed<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Children with mathematical learning difficulties often get stuck with maths problems and may quickly give up. Teachers and parents should ask children what they find difficult \u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.repository.cam.ac.uk\/bitstream\/handle\/1810\/290514\/Szucs%2041179%20-%20Main%20Public%20Output%208%20March%202019.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y\">even young children can explain this<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 and provide explicit instruction to support them with what they find difficult.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Focus on one thing at a time<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>As mathematical problems can be confusing for young people with mathematical difficulties, make sure to only work on one problem at the time. This could mean covering other maths questions on the page, and removing irrelevant pictures. Provide immediate feedback on both correct and incorrect answers. This will help children learn from their practice and understand the difference between correct and incorrect problem-solving strategies.<\/p>\n<p>It may also help to provide plenty of repetition and revisiting, teach short and frequent sessions, and make sure learners know what they should do if they get stuck, such as ask an adult for help.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Use the right vocabulary<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Mathematical language and symbols can also be confusing. For example, a negative number carries a minus sign, but a minus sign can also be used to define an operation such as subtraction. We often use the word \u201cminus\u201d for both \u2013 for instance, saying \u201c14 minus minus 9\u201d (14 \u2013 \u20139). This can be difficult to interpret. Various different words, such as subtract, minus and take away, can describe the same concept.<\/p>\n<p>It is important to use clear language (for instance, \u201c14 take away negative 9\u201d). Helping children expand their maths vocabulary, as well as checking their understanding, will also be useful.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Play games<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Mathematics is everywhere around us in the environment and what is learned in the classroom also applies to our daily lives.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuffieldfoundation.org\/project\/improving-preschoolers-number-foundations\">Our own research<\/a>\u00a0has shown that young children benefit from playing short mathematical games using the tools and materials around them.<\/p>\n<p>Counting and collecting sets of items can be done in any place: at the dining table, in the bath, or when out and about. Practice-based\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuffieldfoundation.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Can-Maths-Apps-Add-Value-to-Young-Childrens-Learning-A-Systematic-Review-and-Content-Analysis_Web_final_v2.pdf\">educational apps<\/a>\u00a0can also help children master foundational maths skills.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Be positive<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Finally, it is crucial to promote positive feelings towards mathematics. This might include not voicing your own concerns and negative feelings about maths. Rather, foster an interest in maths that will help children persevere and overcome their difficulties.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Author Bios:<\/strong> Jo Van Herwegen is Associate Professor in the department of Psychology and Human Development, Elisabeth Herbert is Associate Professor, Department of Psychology and Human Development, IOE UCLUCL IOE. Programme Director for MA SpLD dyslexia and Programme route leader for the MA in Special and Inclusive Education Specific Learning Difficulties route and Laura Outhwaite is a Senior Research Fellow in the Centre for Education Policy and Equalising Opportunities all at UCL<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A good grasp of maths has been linked to\u00a0greater success in employment\u00a0and better health. But a large proportion of us \u2013\u00a0up to 22%\u00a0\u2013 have mathematical learning difficulties. What\u2019s more, around\u00a06% of children in primary schools\u00a0may have dyscalculia, a mathematical learning disability. Developmental dyscalculia\u00a0is a persistent difficulty in\u00a0understanding numbers\u00a0which can affect anyone, regardless of age or [&hellip;]\n&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/dyscalculia-how-to-support-your-child-if-they-have-mathematical-learning-difficulties\/\" class=\"more\">learn more&rarr;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[434174],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-66124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education","tag-mathematical-learning-difficulties"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Dyscalculia: how to support your child if they have mathematical learning difficulties - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/dyscalculia-how-to-support-your-child-if-they-have-mathematical-learning-difficulties\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dyscalculia: how to support your child if they have mathematical learning difficulties - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A good grasp of maths has been linked to\u00a0greater success in employment\u00a0and better health. But a large proportion of us \u2013\u00a0up to 22%\u00a0\u2013 have mathematical learning difficulties. What\u2019s more, around\u00a06% of children in primary schools\u00a0may have dyscalculia, a mathematical learning disability. 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