{"id":65578,"date":"2022-11-01T03:17:32","date_gmt":"2022-11-01T07:17:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=65578"},"modified":"2022-11-01T03:17:32","modified_gmt":"2022-11-01T07:17:32","slug":"school-attendance-problems-are-complex-and-our-solutions-need-to-be-as-well","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/school-attendance-problems-are-complex-and-our-solutions-need-to-be-as-well\/","title":{"rendered":"School attendance problems are complex, and our solutions need to be as well"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Over the past few years, the pandemic prompted school closures and remote learning that drew\u00a0international attention<\/a>\u00a0to issues of students missing school \u2014 what researchers call \u201cnon-attendance.\u201d<\/p>\n

Millions of students across the world missing varying amounts of school raises concerns about students\u2019 learning loss and mental health \u2014 and also about long-term implications, particularly for those\u00a0already at-risk<\/a>\u00a0for poor educational outcomes.<\/p>\n

But school non-attendance is not a new issue.\u00a0Terms like \u201cepidemic\u201d have been used in relation to school attendance<\/a>\u00a0problems in many countries such as Canada, the United States and Australia for a long time. There have always been students who missed school.<\/p>\n

School attendance problems are complex and often very challenging to address. And for responses to be effective in getting students to school more often, they\u00a0need to reflect this<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Not a Hollywood picture<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Popular culture is filled with examples of teenagers skipping classes \u2014\u00a0and in films<\/a>\u00a0like\u00a0Ferris Bueller\u2019s Day Off<\/a><\/em>, this is framed by humour and a gleeful sense of freedom. But Ferris Bueller went back to school the next day without any major impact on his life. This isn\u2019t the case for many.<\/p>\n

Evidence shows worse outcomes for students who miss a lot of school, including lower\u00a0academic achievement<\/a>, lower graduation rates, higher rates of\u00a0interaction with juvenile justice systems<\/a>, mental and\u00a0physical health issues<\/a>\u00a0and lower employment.<\/p>\n

And certain life circumstances, such as poverty,\u00a0increase the risk<\/a>\u00a0of chronic school attendance issues.<\/p>\n

Chronic school attendance problems are usually\u00a0defined as<\/a>\u00a0missing more than 10 per cent of school days.<\/p>\n

School attendance in countries like Canada and Australia\u00a0is mandatory<\/a>\u00a0until between 16 and 18 years of age, depending on the province or territory.<\/p>\n

There are legal penalties for families whose children are chronically absent from school as well as for students themselves, and possible involvement of child protection services.<\/p>\n

Many reasons students are absent, disengaged<\/strong><\/h4>\n

There are\u00a0many reasons<\/a>\u00a0why students miss school.<\/p>\n

Some because they are disengaged, others because of significant anxiety or mental health and well-being concerns.<\/p>\n

Some are absent because of frequent experiences of harassment, bullying and\u00a0racism<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Others miss school because they have family responsibilities such as younger siblings, or because of\u00a0disability-related needs that schools are struggling to support<\/a>. Students may experience\u00a0multiple types of school attendance<\/a>\u00a0problems, and these may vary over time.<\/p>\n

Punishing attendance problems<\/a>\u00a0fails to address the issues<\/a>\u00a0students face, from family responsibilities to barriers related to racism or inadequate support for disabilities.<\/p>\n

Complex, flexible approaches needed<\/h4>\n

There has been more\u00a0evidence<\/a>\u00a0in recent years of the recognition of the complex, multilayered and flexible approaches necessary to improve school attendance. There have also been efforts to think about school attendance as more than just \u201cpresent\u201d or \u201cabsent.\u201d Are students participating? Are they included? Are they engaged? Are they learning?<\/p>\n

Many initiatives are still based on simplistic ideas of school attendance and punitive approaches that really\u00a0don\u2019t work well in the long run<\/a>.<\/p>\n

These fail to address the issues experienced by students that create the attendance problem in the first place. And these approaches often further\u00a0punish students<\/a>\u00a0most at risk of school attendance problems.<\/p>\n

There are four key points or \u201cABCDs\u201d for schools, families and communities to consider:<\/p>\n

1. Academics and well-being<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Well-being supports, including\u00a0mental health<\/a>\u00a0and addictions services, lunch programs, identity-based clubs, and opportunities for movement and physical activity are all important in promoting school attendance.<\/p>\n

But if a child can\u2019t read, or an adolescent is struggling to learn algebraic equations and falling behind their peers, well-being initiatives aren\u2019t enough. An\u00a0integrated approach<\/a>\u00a0to support academic success and well-being for students is essential.<\/p>\n

2. Building relationships<\/strong><\/h4>\n

A sense of belonging and connectedness is critical to engagement, learning and attendance for students. Students need to feel like they matter to someone at school \u2014 someone who notices when they\u2019re not there but who also welcomes them when they are.<\/p>\n

Relationships need to be purposefully fostered between and among students, staff, families and communities.\u00a0Mentorship programs<\/a>, peer buddies, leadership opportunities, community experiential projects or\u00a0attendance counsellors<\/a>\u00a0are some examples of ways to support relationship building.<\/p>\n

3. Climate of school<\/strong><\/h4>\n

A supportive and positive\u00a0school climate<\/a>\u00a0is key for students, staff, families and communities. Schools can provide opportunities for shared decision-making, autonomy, support and valuing of student and family identities and strengths.<\/p>\n

Extra-curriculars and high expectations need to be in place alongside supports to meet these. Families can be welcomed in a range of ways that reflect the needs of communities.\u00a0Bullying<\/a>\u00a0and harassment, including anti-racist, homophobic and anti-Indigenous abuse, needs to be addressed.<\/p>\n

4. Data needed<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Data is important for understanding attendance \u2014 who is at school, who is not. And if not, what are the reasons? In shifting responses to attendance, schools can consider also shifting the ways they collect, use and report on data. For example, an\u00a0early flag system<\/a>\u00a0to identify student attendance patterns can help to proactively support students and families before chronic issues arise.<\/p>\n

Considering traditional attendance counts alongside school climate data, student records, academic profiles and student well-being indicators can tell a fuller story, and lead to more effective ways of getting students to school \u2014 and keeping them there.<\/p>\n

Author Bios:<\/strong> Jess Whitley is Professor of Inclusive Education at L\u2019Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Ottawa\/University of Ottawa and Beth Saggers is Professor – Autism and inclusive education at the Queensland University of Technology<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Over the past few years, the pandemic prompted school closures and remote learning that drew\u00a0international attention\u00a0to issues of students missing school \u2014 what researchers call \u201cnon-attendance.\u201d Millions of students across the world missing varying amounts of school raises concerns about students\u2019 learning loss and mental health \u2014 and also about long-term implications, particularly for those\u00a0already […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[434136],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-65578","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education","tag-school-attendance"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSchool attendance problems are complex, and our solutions need to be as well - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/school-attendance-problems-are-complex-and-our-solutions-need-to-be-as-well\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"School attendance problems are complex, and our solutions need to be as well - 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