{"id":62871,"date":"2022-05-19T07:39:29","date_gmt":"2022-05-19T11:39:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=62871"},"modified":"2022-05-26T18:14:14","modified_gmt":"2022-05-26T22:14:14","slug":"public-education-is-supposed-to-prepare-an-informed-citizenry-elementary-teachers-have-just-two-hours-a-week-to-teach-social-studies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/public-education-is-supposed-to-prepare-an-informed-citizenry-elementary-teachers-have-just-two-hours-a-week-to-teach-social-studies\/","title":{"rendered":"Public education is supposed to prepare an informed citizenry \u2013 elementary teachers have just two hours a week to teach social studies"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

The founders of the United States were\u00a0intentionally building a nation<\/a>\u00a0based on the ideals of the Enlightenment<\/a>, a movement centered on\u00a0individual happiness, knowledge and reason<\/a>. This new approach to defining a country \u2013 rather than basing it on language, ethnicity or geographic proximity \u2013 meant the new United States would have to educate its citizenry with the ideas, skills and values necessary to build and grow their democracy.<\/p>\n

As a result, the founders\u00a0called for schools to be established<\/a>\u00a0and funded. George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams and others believed it was the\u00a0responsibility of the government<\/a>\u00a0to provide that education. Jefferson believed that education would\u00a0serve as the moral foundation of the nation<\/a>\u00a0and redress the effect of poverty because education would be available to all children.<\/p>\n

Though public schools did not become widespread\u00a0until the 19th century<\/a>, the goal of educating informed citizens capable of inquiry and critical thinking was part of the democratic republic from the start. But nearly 250 years after the nation\u2019s founding, its schools struggle to achieve that goal.
\n\"\"
\nAn illustration in Harper\u2019s Weekly in 1874 depicts a village school lesson in rhetoric. Harper’s Weekly via Library of Congress<\/p>\n

A fourth basic subject<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Foundational American educational theorist\u00a0John Dewey<\/a>, who worked and wrote in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, promoted education that would help build and maintain a democracy made up of different groups of people. In his 1916 book \u201cDemocracy in Education<\/a>,\u201d he warned that focusing education only on the \u201cthree Rs: reading, \u2018writing and ‘rithmetic was not enough to educate a useful citizen<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n

It is no accident that Dewey\u2019s career in educational philosophy coincided with the rise of a new field of education,\u00a0called social studies<\/a>, aimed at cultivating good citizenship to build a stronger American society.<\/p>\n

In 1916<\/a>, the term was used by the National Education Association to \u201cdesignate formal citizenship education and [place] squarely in the field all of those subjects that were believed to contribute to that end.\u201d<\/p>\n

That purpose remains today. According to the National Council of the Social Studies, the current goal of\u00a0social studies education<\/a>\u00a0\u201cis to help young people develop the ability to make informed and reasoned decisions for the public good as citizens of a culturally diverse, democratic society in an interdependent world.\u201d<\/p>\n

But since at least the 1980s, the nation\u2019s public schools have consistently put social studies on the\u00a0back burner<\/a>. This process accelerated with the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, which\u00a0required schools to focus<\/a>\u00a0on the \u201cthree Rs,\u201d to the\u00a0exclusion of social studies<\/a>.<\/p>\n

A 2010 study demonstrated the\u00a0relative importance of social studies<\/a>\u00a0when it reported that elementary school teachers spent\u00a02.5 hours on social studies<\/a>, 11.6 hours on Language Arts, and 5.3 hours on math per week.<\/p>\n

A lower priority<\/strong><\/h4>\n

As a\u00a0scholar of social studies education<\/a>, I have noticed that social studies is\u00a0often a lower priority<\/a>\u00a0than reading, writing and math in\u00a0many schools<\/a>.<\/p>\n

For instance, from 1993 to 2008, the time allotted to social studies instruction\u00a0dropped by 56 minutes per week<\/a>\u00a0in third through fifth grade classes in the U.S. Over the same time, math, English and language arts instruction increased. This trend continued, with a 2014 study that documented an \u201can average of 2.52 hours of social studies instructional<\/a>\u00a0time per week.\u201d<\/p>\n

This reduction in social studies instruction has affected minority students more than others. Federal statistics show that since at least 1998,\u00a0Black students have tended to score lower<\/a>\u00a0on tests of civics knowledge\u00a0than white students<\/a>.<\/p>\n

One study described how that this civic education gap contributes to a\u00a0civic participation gap<\/a>, in which poorer people and those from nonwhite ethnic groups vote less. That study declared the gap \u201cchallenges the stability, legitimacy, and quality of our democratic republic.\u201d Those comments echo those of Jefferson and Dewey, who believed that the purpose of schools was to prepare children to be citizens.<\/p>\n

There was a need for civic education in their time \u2013 and the complexity of modern society and the increasingly obvious fragility of U.S. constitutional government indicate that social studies is more relevant and more vital now than ever before.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Kenneth Anthony is Associate Professor of Elementary Education at Mississippi State University<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The founders of the United States were\u00a0intentionally building a nation\u00a0based on the ideals of the Enlightenment, a movement centered on\u00a0individual happiness, knowledge and reason. This new approach to defining a country \u2013 rather than basing it on language, ethnicity or geographic proximity \u2013 meant the new United States would have to educate its citizenry with […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[351619],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-62871","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education","tag-public-schools"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPublic education is supposed to prepare an informed citizenry \u2013 elementary teachers have just two hours a week to teach social studies - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/public-education-is-supposed-to-prepare-an-informed-citizenry-elementary-teachers-have-just-two-hours-a-week-to-teach-social-studies\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Public education is supposed to prepare an informed citizenry \u2013 elementary teachers have just two hours a week to teach social studies - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The founders of the United States were\u00a0intentionally building a nation\u00a0based on the ideals of the Enlightenment, a movement centered on\u00a0individual happiness, knowledge and reason. 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