{"id":62195,"date":"2022-03-23T13:51:54","date_gmt":"2022-03-23T17:51:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=62195"},"modified":"2022-03-23T13:51:54","modified_gmt":"2022-03-23T17:51:54","slug":"when-students-rate-their-teachers-justice-or-consumerism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/when-students-rate-their-teachers-justice-or-consumerism\/","title":{"rendered":"When students rate their teachers: justice or consumerism?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"In universities, since 2014, students who have followed a course must evaluate it by means of satisfaction questionnaires which vary according to the establishment.\u00a0They are asked if the content of the course is coherent and useful, what is its pedagogical quality or if they consider that the teacher has mastered his subject.<\/span><\/p>\n

These evaluations are used to decide on the future of these courses and training in general: should they be maintained, should the pedagogy or content be modified, the methods of evaluation in the subject?\u00a0They therefore ultimately impact the activities, responsibilities and certain bonuses linked to these tasks and the careers of the teachers providing these courses.<\/span><\/p>\n

Seeming to strike at the corner of common sense, this obligation has hardly raised any protests.\u00a0For the general public, it is quite normal that teachers are evaluated like other employees.\u00a0And students would be in the best position to do so, as customers do for hoteliers on Trip Advisor.\u00a0Don’t we all remember good and bad teachers?\u00a0In foreign universities and our business schools, the practice is old and we should therefore imitate it to improve the performance of the education system and the merit-based management of teachers.<\/span><\/p>\n

Others, reluctant to\u00a0<\/span>new public management<\/span><\/em>\u00a0, still find it interesting that students give their opinion, in a participatory logic, as long as this has no impact on teaching staff (careers, salaries, dismissal).\u00a0We also hear that these opinions would be invaluable for the teacher.\u00a0However, the scientific evidence accumulated over decades delivers a dark and worrying diagnosis of this type of assessment.<\/span><\/p>\n

Satisfaction and learning are not related<\/span><\/h4>\n

First problem, it is impossible to ensure the independence and free expression of university professors if what they say is subject to the assessment of their students.\u00a0The Constitutional Council thus wrote that \u201cteaching and research functions not only allow but require, in the very interest of the service, that the free expression and independence of personnel be guaranteed by the provisions applicable to them\u201d and \u201cthat with regard to teachers [\u2026] the guarantee of independence also results from a fundamental principle recognized by the laws of the Republic\u201d (\u00a0<\/span>decision no. 83-165 DC<\/span><\/a>\u00a0of January 20, 1984).<\/span><\/p>\n

How, under these conditions, was the principle of independence of university professors circumvented?\u00a0<\/span>The ministerial decree<\/span><\/a>\u00a0establishing evaluation in French universities simply indicated that it was \u201cteaching\u201d and not \u201cthe teacher\u201d who was evaluated.\u00a0In reality, it is obviously the same for all lectures.<\/span><\/p>\n

But, if it calls into question the independence of teacher-researchers, is evaluation by students at least reliable?\u00a0Since the first establishment of the evaluation in 1920 at the University of Washington, a very large number of scientific articles have been published on this key question and tell us that\u00a0<\/span>there is no link<\/span><\/a>\u00a0between satisfaction of a student in relation to a course and what he actually learned there \u2013 therefore the quality of the teaching provided.\u00a0The best teachers are those who teach what will be useful in the long run.\u00a0However, not having a vision of the contributions that will be useful to them in a few years, students tend to value the short term and do not necessarily give their votes to the most efficient teachers.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the field of continuous training, in companies, we are well aware of this phenomenon: the collection of satisfactions on the spot is an ineffective method compared to the measurement of the real effects of training in terms of learning, behavior change, or economic results.<\/span><\/p>\n

Overnotation<\/strong><\/h4>\n

More worryingly, professors have begun to\u00a0<\/span>overrate<\/span><\/a>\u00a0in several countries, including the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Germany, to please students and save their situation (which can mean, depending on the case, to be tenured, to maintain a course, to have bonuses, to obtain students and budgets, to keep one’s job).\u00a0Students and their parents have become customers or consumers who must be satisfied by all means.\u00a0Private establishments are obviously very much concerned by this inflation of grades, but not only.<\/span><\/p>\n

The extent of this international phenomenon worries many colleagues around the world and alerted, for example, the British government and the Secretary of State for Education, Damian Hinds,\u00a0<\/span>who threatened in March 2019<\/span><\/a>\u00a0to sanction this laxity by all means. .\u00a0Indeed, over-rating is a danger for higher education and for the level of skills necessary for the economy and society.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Have students become customers who must be satisfied by all means? Shutterstock<\/p><\/div>\n

At the same time, in countries where grade inflation is observed, students work less (in number of hours) and the level of fraud (buying homework for example) or plagiarism increases dramatically without being sanctioned .\u00a0What scientific publications have also established is that students prefer certain types of teaching which they find more pleasant and less difficult (they rate their literature or psychology teacher better than mathematics).<\/span><\/p>\n

Evaluation is indeed largely disconnected from the actual quality of education and marked by considerable biases.\u00a0The opinion of the students is forged in a few moments and will not change after a semester of teaching.\u00a0What counts is the first impression and\u00a0<\/span>the sympathetic teacher<\/span><\/a>\u00a0will get a good appreciation\u00a0<\/span>from the start, which boxes of chocolate or cookies<\/span><\/a>\u00a0will improve, according to research experiments.\u00a0You might as well replace the evaluation with a simple note of sympathy.\u00a0But, in this game, who immediately looks sympathetic, competent or incompetent?<\/span><\/p>\n

A discriminating device<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Students mark their professors according to their personal characteristics, and therefore their prejudices, and not according to the criteria of competence.\u00a0It would appear that, on the whole, men would be rated better than women, young people than old people,\u00a0<\/span>whites than blacks<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, handsome people\u00a0<\/span>would be considered more competent<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, homosexuals poorly evaluated…<\/span><\/p>\n

In one research, students were tricked into thinking they were grading a male or female for a distance learning course.\u00a0Observation: nothing went wrong, with identical teaching, whether they were asked about professionalism, promptness, respect, enthusiasm, justice or communication, when it seemed that the teacher was a woman.\u00a0If we relied on such assessments for recruitment, we would immediately exclude female teachers, we would stop giving them responsibilities and promoting them.\u00a0As the\u00a0<\/span>authors of the study<\/span><\/a>\u00a0summarize , \u201cstudent ratings of teachers are a better measure of gender bias than of teacher quality\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

These women teachers are thus confronted with evaluations which we know scientifically are unfair and which are made public to a wide range of people while the student evaluator is guaranteed anonymity.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Students rate female teachers lower than male teachers. Shutterstock<\/p><\/div>\n

Even if these assessments had no effect on their careers, and if they were the only ones to have them, would that justify exposing them to lapidary and biased judgments that call them into question?\u00a0When questions are open-ended, comments about the physical, sexist and degrading\u00a0<\/span>are frequent<\/span><\/a>\u00a0and permitted by anonymity.\u00a0This evaluation, carried out by the students, is discriminatory and it exposes, like all badly constructed and unfair evaluations, to a psychosocial risk.<\/span><\/p>\n

What is most disconcerting is not finally to note that students are discriminating and that women are victims of it, but that no one has the idea of \u200b\u200bprotecting these same teachers or other minority groups who are victims of stereotypes.<\/span><\/p>\n

The evaluations carried out by the students (when they answer) are deeply unfair and offend the teachers’ sense of mission.\u00a0Indeed, a student who is regularly absent and has learned nothing has just as much say in the matter as another.\u00a0Studies show that this type of student gives\u00a0teachers\u00a0<\/span>bad grades . <\/span><\/a>We know in fact that those who know nothing considerably overestimate their knowledge, are incapable of knowing what they know, do not know and should know (this is the Dunning-Kruger effect).\u00a0Finally, the development of\u00a0<\/span>consumerist behaviors<\/span><\/a>\u00a0and the anonymity of evaluations lead some students to lie when they evaluate.<\/span><\/p>\n

In particular, the public authorities cannot permanently ignore the accumulated scientific evidence of the deleterious and manifestly discriminatory effects of the evaluation of teachers by their students.\u00a0There is still time to reverse the course of things.<\/span><\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Jean-Francois Amadieu is University Professor at University of Paris 1 Panth\u00e9on-Sorbonne<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In universities, since 2014, students who have followed a course must evaluate it by means of satisfaction questionnaires which vary according to the establishment.\u00a0They are asked if the content of the course is coherent and useful, what is its pedagogical quality or if they consider that the teacher has mastered his subject. These evaluations are […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[428962],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-62195","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-higher-education","tag-teacher-ratings"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhen students rate their teachers: justice or consumerism? - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/when-students-rate-their-teachers-justice-or-consumerism\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"When students rate their teachers: justice or consumerism? - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In universities, since 2014, students who have followed a course must evaluate it by means of satisfaction questionnaires which vary according to the establishment.\u00a0They are asked if the content of the course is coherent and useful, what is its pedagogical quality or if they consider that the teacher has mastered his subject. 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