{"id":61457,"date":"2022-02-09T03:26:16","date_gmt":"2022-02-09T08:26:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=61457"},"modified":"2022-02-09T03:26:16","modified_gmt":"2022-02-09T08:26:16","slug":"universities-the-often-overlooked-player-in-determining-healthy-democracies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/universities-the-often-overlooked-player-in-determining-healthy-democracies\/","title":{"rendered":"Universities: The often overlooked player in determining healthy democracies"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

We\u2019ve been hearing recently about the possibility that the United States \u2014 assumed to be a prime example of democracy \u2014 is\u00a0in real peril of collapse<\/a>. Coming into 2022, we find ourselves in the midst of a worldwide\u00a0democratic recession<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Democracy is vulnerable and fragile<\/a>. It requires maintenance, participation, vigilance and constant re-assertion. If left unattended, it can drift, or be pushed, towards illiberalism and ultimately authoritarianism.<\/p>\n

When discussions turn\u00a0to the pillars of democracy<\/a>, folks will often name the free press, the legislature and the judiciary as the institutions that serve as a vital check and balance on power. Named with much less frequency is the academy.<\/p>\n

A country\u2019s institutional commitment to\u00a0academic freedom is a key indicator of whether its democracy<\/a>\u00a0is in good health.<\/p>\n

Democracy in danger<\/strong><\/h4>\n

If we look at the United States as an example,\u00a0the warning signs are clearly present<\/a>\u00a0and add to a growing body of evidence that the country\u2019s democracy is in danger.<\/p>\n

In a new twist on the\u00a0McCarthyist Cold War era<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 when there was little tolerance for dissent, suspected communist ties and many academics were forced to sign loyalty oaths, interrogated and even terminated \u2014 the\u00a0Brookings Institute reports<\/a>\u00a0that at least 29 states have or plan on passing legislation banning entire areas of study, like\u00a0critical race theory<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Some legislatures, like Oklahoma are\u00a0pushing even further to eliminate discussions of gender, implicit bias and intersectionality<\/a>.\u201c<\/p>\n

To add to that, Georgia has recently\u00a0eliminated tenure<\/a>, none of which bodes well for the once shining example of democracy.<\/p>\n

You may be wondering how eliminating tenure relates to democracy. It\u2019s an earned permanent appointment and is required to help ensure that the principles and protections that fall under academic freedom are not an empty promise. Without tenure an academic could be silenced by threat of termination. But yes, academics can still be fired for just cause.<\/p>\n

What is academic freedom?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The definition of academic freedom remains largely unchanged since the American Association of University Professors\u00a0first issued their 1915 declaration<\/a>\u00a0defining it as comprising three elements “freedom of inquiry and research; freedom of teaching within the university or college; and freedom of extramural utterance and action.\u201d<\/p>\n

Within healthy democracies, academic freedom, if not always respected, is at the very least, tolerated and protected. There\u2019s an understanding that it may be invoked to\u00a0inform public policy, disrupt inequitable power structures or act as an unpopular corrective<\/a>\u00a0on the very governments, structures, institutions and cultures that are asked to defend and support it.<\/p>\n

In return for defending a robust academic freedom, a country\u2019s university faculty are enabled to speak truth, act as a check on government and help\u00a0foster critical and creative, participatory citizens whose formation prepares them for a lifetime of democratic engagement<\/a>. But of course institutions of higher learning are one, not the only, site for teaching and learning and practising these critical skills and habits of mind.<\/p>\n

A potential whistleblower<\/h2>\n

The academic freedom entrusted to faculty is usually described in one of two ways. The first manner aligns academic freedom with\u00a0rights, privileges and freedoms<\/a>. The second, brings in concepts such as responsibility, duty and whistleblower protection.<\/p>\n

The first description is often\u00a0used by critics who inevitably trot out the \u201civory tower\u201d<\/a>\u00a0metaphor to describe the academy. The second is found in the language used by its defenders, whose own metaphor for the university\u2019s role in society might be \u201clighthouse.\u201d<\/p>\n

In the second concept every tenured professor is a potential whistleblower, or societal lighthouse keeper and can work in tandem with a free press for reporting on elected governments and their policies, providing transparency and accountability.<\/p>\n

It is a delicate balance where the scales can easily be tipped in the opposite direction. It is not difficult to imagine the potential for wealthy private donors, multinational corporations, a populist mob or even the government itself, to bring it all down.<\/p>\n

As more countries flirt with\u00a0democratic backsliding<\/a>, we should all be concerned. A country\u2019s tolerance and respect for academic freedom serves as a key indicator of the health of its democracy; let\u2019s not ignore this important warning.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Marc Spooner is Professor, Faculty of Education at the University of Regina<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

We\u2019ve been hearing recently about the possibility that the United States \u2014 assumed to be a prime example of democracy \u2014 is\u00a0in real peril of collapse. Coming into 2022, we find ourselves in the midst of a worldwide\u00a0democratic recession. Democracy is vulnerable and fragile. It requires maintenance, participation, vigilance and constant re-assertion. If left unattended, […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[7102],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-61457","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-social-change","tag-democracy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUniversities: The often overlooked player in determining healthy democracies - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/universities-the-often-overlooked-player-in-determining-healthy-democracies\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Universities: The often overlooked player in determining healthy democracies - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"We\u2019ve been hearing recently about the possibility that the United States \u2014 assumed to be a prime example of democracy \u2014 is\u00a0in real peril of collapse. 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