{"id":60332,"date":"2021-11-20T03:42:33","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T08:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=60332"},"modified":"2021-11-29T22:35:57","modified_gmt":"2021-11-30T03:35:57","slug":"why-do-australian-states-need-a-national-curriculum-and-do-teachers-even-use-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/why-do-australian-states-need-a-national-curriculum-and-do-teachers-even-use-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Why do Australian states need a national curriculum, and do teachers even use it?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/auswithpins.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"523\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-60333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/auswithpins.png 680w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/auswithpins-250x192.png 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><br \/>\nThe Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority released a proposed revision of the foundation to year 10 national curriculum\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.australiancurriculum.edu.au\/consultation\/\">for public consultation<\/a>\u00a0in April. Since then, the draft national curriculum \u2014 the final version of which\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.acara.edu.au\/curriculum\/curriculum-review\">will be released in 2022<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 has caused much controversy. Federal Education Minister Alan Tudge has perhaps been its fiercest critic.<\/p>\n<p>In September 2021, Tudge wrote an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theaustralian.com.au\/commentary\/revised-draft-curriculum-gets-c-must-try-harder\/news-story\/7e2254fa5eefc29b3c9db4a22e96f290\">opinion piece in The Australian newspaper<\/a>, saying he will not support the draft in its current form. He noted the revised curriculum, which was meant to simplify the previous one, was \u201ca ridiculously long and unwieldy document\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><em>The biggest problem, though, was in the draft history curriculum. It gave the impression nothing bad happened before 1788 and almost nothing good has happened since. It downplayed our Western heritage [\u2026] It almost erased Christianity from our past, despite it being the single most important influence on our modern development [\u2026]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>These comments caused a stir among many historians, who\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/10-things-every-politician-should-know-about-history-170626\">have argued for the importance of critical skills<\/a>\u00a0in history. They also stressed being critical is not the same as \u201chating\u201d Australia. Other controversial topics have included changes in maths content, which some experts have deemed \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/education\/confused-and-confusing-maths-experts-say-curriculum-is-faddish-and-shallow-20210602-p57xj3.html\">shallow and faddish<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>So, with all the controversy, some may wonder why we need a national curriculum at all.<\/p>\n<p><center><\/center><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Me on the controversies over the national curriculum in history. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/C9q6bqoj4v\">https:\/\/t.co\/C9q6bqoj4v<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Frank Bongiorno (@fbongiornoanu) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/fbongiornoanu\/status\/1456749990227820545?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">November 5, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h4><strong>The curriculum is like a map<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Imagine the Australian\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5204\/thesis.eprints.107049\">Curriculum is a map<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 a broad picture of all the learning a teacher covers in each year of education for each particular subject. Using the map, teachers charter a course for each unit to ensure the territory is covered across the year and then plan the route they will take with their students.<\/p>\n<p>When using a map to travel a particular route to your destination, you may take a detour along the way. It\u2019s the same when travelling using the curriculum. A student may ask an interesting question, and that might take the class in a different direction for a bit. But that just adds to the journey.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>A history of the curriculum<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Since Federation in 1901, Australian states and territories have\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs41297-019-00077-1\">maintained constitutional responsibility<\/a>\u00a0for education and have had autonomy for their education agendas. But in 1963 the Commonwealth\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dro.deakin.edu.au\/view\/DU:30010321\">began funding school education<\/a>, which came with a desire for more national collaboration.<\/p>\n<p>Since that time, successive Australian politicians and governments have\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dese.gov.au\/australian-curriculum\/resources\/review-australian-curriculum-final-report-2014\">aspired to develop and implement<\/a>\u00a0a national curriculum. Their\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dro.deakin.edu.au\/view\/DU:30010321\">objective was<\/a>\u00a0to reduce duplication and enhance consistency across the nation\u2019s various curricula.<\/p>\n<p>The Australian Curriculum we have now is the fourth iteration of a national curriculum, but the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5204\/thesis.eprints.107049\">first to be effectively implemented<\/a>. Previous attempts at implementation were\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/catalogue.nla.gov.au\/Record\/3585060\">met with a range of barriers<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dro.deakin.edu.au\/view\/DU:30010321\">related to<\/a>\u00a0the states\u2019 constitutional responsibility and desire for curriculum autonomy, as well as a lack of clear rationale, purpose and process for curriculum change.<\/p>\n<p>So, the momentum fizzled out. That is, until Kevin Rudd\u2019s 2007 election promise of an education revolution\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.acsa.edu.au\/pages\/images\/acsa%20boomer%20address.pdf\">garnered the political support<\/a>\u00a0to develop the Australian Curriculum.<\/p>\n<p>The first draft was published by the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority in 2010.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>What about the states\u2019 curricula?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>While the responsibility for developing the curriculum shifted federally, the states\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41297-019-00077-1\">retained the autonomy<\/a>\u00a0to implement the curriculum. This is because each state and territory has its own senior assessment and tertiary entrance system. Although there have been attempts at an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02680939.2016.1202452\">Australian Certificate of Education<\/a>\u00a0to mark the end of compulsory schooling, the proposal has never gathered momentum.<\/p>\n<p>The curriculum authority now has the remit to develop the curriculum and the states the responsibility to implement it.<\/p>\n<p>Teachers in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.qcaa.qld.edu.au\/p-10\/aciq\">Queensland<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.education.tas.gov.au\/students\/school-and-colleges\/curriculum\/\">Tasmania<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.education.sa.gov.au\/schools-and-educators\/curriculum-and-teaching\/primary-and-secondary-curriculum\/curriculum-birth-year-10\">South Australia<\/a>, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nt.gov.au\/learning\/primary-and-secondary-students\/nt-school-curriculum\">Northern Territory<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.education.act.gov.au\/public-school-life\/Our-Curriculum\/australian-curriculum\">ACT<\/a>, use the Australian Curriculum as written by the national curriculum authority.<\/p>\n<p>Teachers get the curriculum directly from the website. For these teachers, the Australian Curriculum is like Google Maps. It tells them what to teach.<\/p>\n<p>This is why what is written in the curriculum is of utmost importance. The curriculum authorities in these states and territories exist to support implementation, providing advice on how much of the curriculum teachers are required to implement.<\/p>\n<p>But\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/victoriancurriculum.vcaa.vic.edu.au\/\">Victoria<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/educationstandards.nsw.edu.au\/wps\/portal\/nesa\/k-10\/understanding-the-curriculum\/curriculum-syllabuses-NSW\/!ut\/p\/z1\/lZFNC4JAEIZ_SwePObPrR9Fti1IzsIOSzSU0bBPMFbOkf1_YKSiruc3wPMPwDhDEQGVyzWXS5KpMike_JXtnei6igXzlhGKGYuqv5mthcMdjsOkALpjNXJP5OBozFKFp-tYCGXoG0F9-4HR-wGy-HPEgsn7z8UMJ_M3vAah__QaoQz4k4PhWP9BF9Aq8yeDbFUsgWaj0-TBRpsZYAtXZIauzWr_Uj_GxaarzREMN27bVpVKyyPS9Omn4TjmqcwPxKwnVKYqiGHNvSOmtFYM7Xf4HkQ!!\/dz\/d5\/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh\/\">New South Wales<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/k10outline.scsa.wa.edu.au\/home\/teaching\/curriculum-browser\">Western Australia<\/a>, use an intermediary document (or syllabus)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s41297-019-00077-1\">in place of the Australian Curriculum<\/a>. These interpretations, written by their curriculum authorities, repackage the Australian Curriculum. In NSW, for instance, the syllabuses package the content in stages. These each represent two years of schooling (stage 2 is for years 3 and 4, for example).<\/p>\n<p>Occasionally these state packages contain a bit more or less content compared to the Australian Curriculum. For example, the Victorian Curriculum for The Arts has\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/victoriancurriculum.vcaa.vic.edu.au\/the-arts\/visual-communication-design\/introduction\/rationale-and-aims\">Visual Communication Design<\/a>\u00a0as an additional content area.<\/p>\n<p>Adding further complexity, some states have not yet updated some subjects (such as languages in Western Australia or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/educationstandards.nsw.edu.au\/wps\/portal\/nesa\/k-10\/understanding-the-curriculum\/curriculum-syllabuses-NSW\/nsw-and-the-australian-curriculum\">the creative arts<\/a>\u00a0in NSW) to align with the Australian Curriculum.<br \/>\n<div id=\"attachment_60334\" style=\"width: 690px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-60334\" src=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/ausCurriculum.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"258\" class=\"size-full wp-image-60334\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/ausCurriculum.png 680w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/ausCurriculum-250x95.png 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-60334\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Australian Curriculum\u2019s Creative Arts content has not yet been incorporated into the NSW curriculum. NSW Education Standards Authority (screenshot)<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n<p>Despite these differences, there is still a great degree of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dro.deakin.edu.au\/view\/DU:30010321\">alignment in curricula<\/a>\u00a0across the states and territories. Prior to the Australian Curriculum some of this was more coincidental than coordinated.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>So, why is the curriculum controversial?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Many things\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/305767382_Australian_curriculum_making\">influence the curriculum\u2019s development<\/a>, including the power struggles between federal and state governments and their sometimes differing political ideologies.<br \/>\n<center><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Victorian Education Minister James Merlino said Mr Tudge\u2019s remarks were aimed at \u201cinciting culture wars\u201d, adding Victoria would advocate for a curriculum \u201cthat will produce the thoughtful and proud Australians of the future\u201d. | <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/LisaVisentin?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@LisaVisentin<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Auspol?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Auspol<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/i25RalChLe\">https:\/\/t.co\/i25RalChLe<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; The Age (@theage) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/theage\/status\/1456475056129945606?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">November 5, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/center><\/p>\n<p>The curriculum also needs to be\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/305767382_Australian_curriculum_making\">responsive to the needs<\/a>\u00a0of today\u2019s students, while preparing them for their future. It must prepare them for jobs that don\u2019t currently exist, with skills we can only imagine, while also ensuring they can navigate the transitions from childhood into adolescence and beyond.<\/p>\n<p>Education Professor Kerry J Kennedy has written\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/289255552_The_idea_of_a_national_curriculum_in_Australia_What_do_Susan_Ryan_John_Dawkins_and_Julia_Gillard_have_in_common\">curriculum debates<\/a>\u00a0are not just an academic argy-bargy over what should or should not be included, but also reflect a \u201cnation\u2019s soul\u201d. It is an insight into what we value. Hence the many heated debates about what is \u201cimportant\u201d for young people to learn become value laden.<\/p>\n<p>But with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41297-019-00077-1\">a clear rationale<\/a>\u00a0we can build the map for Australian teachers to plan their students\u2019 learning journey.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Author Bio:<\/strong> Emily Ross is a Lecturer, Curriculum and Pedagogy at the University of the Sunshine Coast<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority released a proposed revision of the foundation to year 10 national curriculum\u00a0for public consultation\u00a0in April. Since then, the draft national curriculum \u2014 the final version of which\u00a0will be released in 2022\u00a0\u2013 has caused much controversy. Federal Education Minister Alan Tudge has perhaps been its fiercest critic. In September [&hellip;]\n&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/why-do-australian-states-need-a-national-curriculum-and-do-teachers-even-use-it\/\" class=\"more\">learn more&rarr;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[422084],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-60332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education","tag-national-curriculum"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Why do Australian states need a national curriculum, and do teachers even use it? - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/why-do-australian-states-need-a-national-curriculum-and-do-teachers-even-use-it\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why do Australian states need a national curriculum, and do teachers even use it? - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority released a proposed revision of the foundation to year 10 national curriculum\u00a0for public consultation\u00a0in April. Since then, the draft national curriculum \u2014 the final version of which\u00a0will be released in 2022\u00a0\u2013 has caused much controversy. Federal Education Minister Alan Tudge has perhaps been its fiercest critic. 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Since then, the draft national curriculum \u2014 the final version of which\u00a0will be released in 2022\u00a0\u2013 has caused much controversy. Federal Education Minister Alan Tudge has perhaps been its fiercest critic. 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