{"id":60035,"date":"2021-10-28T04:23:54","date_gmt":"2021-10-28T08:23:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=60035"},"modified":"2021-10-28T04:23:54","modified_gmt":"2021-10-28T08:23:54","slug":"it-was-the-best-five-years-of-my-life-how-sports-programs-are-keeping-disadvantaged-teens-at-school","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/it-was-the-best-five-years-of-my-life-how-sports-programs-are-keeping-disadvantaged-teens-at-school\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018It was the best five years of my life!\u2019 How sports programs are keeping disadvantaged teens at school"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/SpecialistSports.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"431\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-60036\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/SpecialistSports.png 680w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/SpecialistSports-250x158.png 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><br \/>\nParticipation in specialist sport programs keeps teenagers from low socioeconomic backgrounds at school and boosts their maths grades. This is\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.667628\/full\">what I found<\/a>\u00a0in my PhD study.<\/p>\n<p>Being engaged in learning can set people up for success in the rest of their life. This is why experts see it as one of the main\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/ijamh-2013-0327\/html\">goals of early adolescence<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Students tend to be engaged with school in the primary years, but\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/9780470479193.adlpsy002004\">their engagement decreases in secondary school<\/a>. So educators are trying to find ways to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/chapters\/edit\/10.4324\/9780203879498-33\/motivation-achievement-physical-education-ang-chen-catherine-ennis?context=ubx&amp;refId=496092c6-167f-4ab1-b524-910def35b213\">help students maintain<\/a>\u00a0that early engagement.<\/p>\n<p>My\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ro.ecu.edu.au\/theses\/2348\/\">PhD research explored<\/a>\u00a0the influence of specialist sporting programs on the educational outcomes of students attending schools in low socioeconomic areas of Perth. Specifically, I was interested in how participation in these programs affected the students\u2019 academic performance and level of school engagement.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>What are specialist sports programs?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Students who participate in specialist sporting programs specialise in one sport in place of a range of elective subjects in years 7-10. Enrolment is open to all students, including those who live outside a school\u2019s catchment area, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.achper.org.au\/blog\/blog-henley-high-school-a-model-of-sport-specialisation-in-sa\">selection is generally based<\/a>\u00a0on:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>a high level (or potentially high level) of sporting ability and coachability<\/li>\n<li>a positive attitude toward sport and school (in primary school)<\/li>\n<li>a good record of behaviour and attendance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The selection criteria are a way for the school to clearly communicate their expectations from the very beginning. They are about encouraging the continuation of students\u2019 positive behaviours into secondary school, rather than trying to solve the problem of disengagement down the track.<\/p>\n<p>Specialist sport programs are available in a variety of forms across Australia (including\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vhhs.sa.edu.au\/specialist-sport\">South Australia<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thornlieshs.wa.edu.au\/courses\/specialist-programs-selection\/rugby\/\">Western Australia<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/robinashs.eq.edu.au\/curriculum\/specialist-programs\/general-sports-academy\">Queensland<\/a>). Some take an elite pathway approach, while others focus on participation. They are increasingly being developed in both public and private schools.<\/p>\n<p>On average, schools allocate around four hours of class time per week to specialist sports programs. In years 7-10 this time is split evenly between practical and theoretical work. In years 11 and 12\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/openlibrary.org\/works\/OL2837086W\/Specialist_sport_programs_in_Western_Australian_schools\">there is roughly<\/a>\u00a0a 70-30% practical-theoretical split.<\/p>\n<p>Practical sessions focus on developing skills and students\u2019 fitness levels. Theoretical sessions cover topics such as biomechanics and physiology, rules and tactics, and nutrition and sport psychology.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>What my study showed<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Broad claims are made regarding the positive influence of the programs. For example, Western Australia\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.education.wa.edu.au\/approved-specialist-programs\">education department states<\/a>\u00a0specialist sport programs can:<br \/>\n<em>develop character, teach technical skills and self-discipline, and nurture a love of sport [\u2026] and [\u2026] enable children to compete at the highest levels and develop their skills as athletes both on the field and in the classroom.<\/em><br \/>\nBut there has previously been no research on these programs in Western Australian schools to support this assertion.<\/p>\n<p>Only two studies have investigated the influence of specialist sports programs on students\u2019\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/j.1468-0084.2007.00446.x\">academic achievement<\/a>. Both were conducted in the United Kingdom and examined final year students\u2019 academic performance in the GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education). Students attending specialist program schools had better scores than those attending non-specialist schools. The improvement in scores over time was greater at schools with a high percentage of students from low socioeconomic backgrounds.<\/p>\n<p>Mine is the first study to examine the link between early adolescents\u2019 academic achievement and engagement with school, and participation in specialist sports programs in Australia.<\/p>\n<p>My study involved seven secondary schools and students in years 7-10, in low socioeconomic areas of Perth.<\/p>\n<p>A total of 68 specialist sports students gave access to their school grades for each subject over the period of a year and 73 students completed a survey measuring their level of engagement with school.<\/p>\n<p>I also interviewed 11 students and three parents, as well as five teachers and three graduates of the programs.<\/p>\n<p>To analyse programs\u2019 effects on student grades, I assigned each grade a number (A = 5, B = 4, C = 3) \u2013 essentially a better grade was assigned a higher number). I then compared the mean grade for each subject, each year. At the baseline measurement, the mean grade for maths was 3.08 (a C grade). At the follow-up a year later it was 3.30. Although it was still a C grade, statistical analysis deemed this a significant improvement.<br \/>\n<div id=\"attachment_60038\" style=\"width: 690px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-60038\" src=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/improvedgrades-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"453\" class=\"size-full wp-image-60038\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/improvedgrades-1.jpeg 680w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/improvedgrades-1-250x167.jpeg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-60038\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">There was some improvement in the maths scores of students who were part of the programs. Shutterstock<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n<p>Mean grades in all other subjects \u2013 English, science, society and environment, and health and physical education \u2013 remained stable. Students\u2019 level of engagement with school also remained stable over the period of a year.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>What students said<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Many students said the program was the reason they attended school each day, and the reason they applied effort to their education.<\/p>\n<p>One male student said:<br \/>\n<em>I didn\u2019t want to come to [school] unless I got into the [program].<\/em><br \/>\nA parent said:<br \/>\n<em>There are a lot of kids that the only reason they\u2019re still at school is because of the program \u2013 it gives them a reason to go [to school].<\/em><br \/>\nBoth male and female students felt participation in a specialist sports program positively influenced their engagement with school.<\/p>\n<p>A female student said:<br \/>\n<em>It\u2019s fun [\u2026] it\u2019s energetic and you just have a great time doing it.<br \/>\nAnd a male graduate told me:<\/em><br \/>\n<em>It was the best five years of my life!<\/em><br \/>\nOnly male students discussed specific aspects relating to engagement, such as attendance, behaviour and academic achievement. One said:<br \/>\n<em>It made me think, it\u2019s going to affect your appearance in the program [\u2026] it\u2019s made me think harder in maths and like [\u2026] English and stuff like that so [\u2026] I moved up from a C to a B in English from thinking about the program, and if I didn\u2019t think about the program, I would still have been on a C kind of thing.<\/em><br \/>\nThis is significant as previous research has revealed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10964-006-9161-3\">gender differences in school engagement levels<\/a>\u00a0with girls generally being more engaged than boys.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>There are limitations<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>There were two main limitations to this study: the lack of a comparison group and the possibility of self-selection bias. Despite my best efforts to recruit both specialist and non-specialist students, not enough non-program students provided informed consent to conduct a valid statistical comparison.<\/p>\n<p>All schools with a specialist sports program located in low socioeconomic areas of WA were invited to participate, but only seven agreed. So it is possible only schools in which the specialist sports teacher was proactive and proud of the program\u2019s accomplishments agreed to be involved in the research.<\/p>\n<p>That said, for the schools involved in the study, specialist sports programs provided students with a supportive learning environment.<\/p>\n<p>It is important educators consider the students\u2019 individual needs and interests in designing specialist sports programs. And they should be open to further developing other specialist programs \u2014 whether that be in other sports or other interest areas.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Author Bio:<\/strong> Eibhlish O&#8217;Hara is a Research Associate at Edith Cowan University<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Participation in specialist sport programs keeps teenagers from low socioeconomic backgrounds at school and boosts their maths grades. This is\u00a0what I found\u00a0in my PhD study. Being engaged in learning can set people up for success in the rest of their life. This is why experts see it as one of the main\u00a0goals of early adolescence. [&hellip;]\n&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/it-was-the-best-five-years-of-my-life-how-sports-programs-are-keeping-disadvantaged-teens-at-school\/\" class=\"more\">learn more&rarr;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[422050],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-60035","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education","tag-specialist-sport-programs"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u2018It was the best five years of my life!\u2019 How sports programs are keeping disadvantaged teens at school - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/it-was-the-best-five-years-of-my-life-how-sports-programs-are-keeping-disadvantaged-teens-at-school\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u2018It was the best five years of my life!\u2019 How sports programs are keeping disadvantaged teens at school - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Participation in specialist sport programs keeps teenagers from low socioeconomic backgrounds at school and boosts their maths grades. This is\u00a0what I found\u00a0in my PhD study. Being engaged in learning can set people up for success in the rest of their life. This is why experts see it as one of the main\u00a0goals of early adolescence. 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This is\u00a0what I found\u00a0in my PhD study. Being engaged in learning can set people up for success in the rest of their life. This is why experts see it as one of the main\u00a0goals of early adolescence. 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