{"id":59457,"date":"2021-09-23T03:06:58","date_gmt":"2021-09-23T07:06:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=59457"},"modified":"2021-09-23T03:06:58","modified_gmt":"2021-09-23T07:06:58","slug":"climate-change-is-harming-childrens-mental-health-and-this-is-just-the-start","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/climate-change-is-harming-childrens-mental-health-and-this-is-just-the-start\/","title":{"rendered":"Climate change is harming children\u2019s mental health \u2013 and this is just the start"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"
\nWith record-breaking\u00a0heat waves, wildfires and floods<\/a>, 2021 may be the year we finally\u00a0wake up to climate change<\/a>. According to the most\u00a0recent assessment<\/a>\u00a0of the International Panel on Climate Change, the effects are now \u201cwidespread, rapid, and intensifying.\u201d Many impacts are irreversible and changes to oceans, ice sheets and sea levels will persist for thousands of years.<\/p>\n

In August, the\u00a0United Nations Children\u2019s Fund reported<\/a>\u00a0that half the world\u2019s 2.2 billion children are at \u201cextremely high risk\u201d from the impacts of climate change. More than 230 health-care journals have since\u00a0published a joint editorial<\/a>\u00a0calling for\u00a0urgent action to address the \u201ccatastrophic harm to health\u201d from climate change<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Despite these warnings,\u00a0surprisingly little<\/a>\u00a0has been written about the mental health consequences of climate change for children.<\/p>\n

In a new\u00a0research paper<\/a>, we show that climate change is already affecting the healthy psychological development of children worldwide. These impacts begin before birth and stretch across development, and will accelerate as climate change advances.<\/p>\n

Playing havoc with development<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Although awareness about climate change and mental health is increasing, most attention has focused on the issue of\u00a0worry about climate change<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 sometimes called \u201ceco-anxiety\u201d \u2014 and the effects of single acute stressors such as extreme weather events. While these problems are important, mental health (both good and bad) is not the consequence of single events, but rather the result of complex causal chains that begin before birth and unfold across development.<\/p>\n

We need a broader conceptual framework to understand the relationship between climate change and mental health. A developmental life-course perspective is particularly well-suited to this end.\u00a0Developmental perspectives<\/a>\u00a0are widely used in psychology, psychiatry and related developmental sciences to understand the origins, course and outcomes of mental health across the lifespan.
\n

\"\"

A long-term developmental perspective recognizes the importance of early detection and prevention of climate change risks to children\u2019s mental health. (F. Vergunst), Author provided<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n

The approach is based on the observation that most mental disorders begin early in life, that disorders are the consequence of genetic, psychosocial and environmental factors \u2014 including the interplay between them \u2014 and that the timing, severity and duration of early-life stressors can have\u00a0life-long effects<\/a>\u00a0on psychological health and well-being.<\/p>\n

Developmental approaches are well-suited to studying the effects of complex, interactive and ongoing stressors like those that arise in the context of climate change. This can be illustrated with several concrete examples.<\/p>\n

Children\u2019s vulnerability to climate change<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Childhood is a period of extremely high\u00a0developmental vulnerability<\/a>. Even before birth, acute environmental stressors \u2014 such as hurricanes, wildfires, floods and heat waves \u2014 can\u00a0traumatize the mother<\/a>\u00a0physically and mentally. These experiences can\u00a0harm the developing fetus<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0increase disease<\/a>\u00a0vulnerability for the unborn child\u00a0throughout life<\/a>.
\n

\"\"

Heat waves can disrupt sleep quality, learning, cognitive test performance and high school graduation rates. THE CANADIAN PRESS\/Frank Gunn<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n

Sub-acute stressors like summer heat waves are linked to increased risk of\u00a0obstetric complications and preterm birth<\/a>, which are\u00a0well-established risk factors<\/a>\u00a0for\u00a0several major<\/a>\u00a0psychiatric disorders<\/a>.<\/p>\n

From birth to age five,\u00a0children are highly vulnerable<\/a>\u00a0to infectious disease, environmental toxins, heat exposure and dehydration. Physical health problems can delay reaching developmental milestones in areas such as cognition and language, and these interact with and increase\u00a0mental health<\/a>\u00a0vulnerability<\/a>.<\/p>\n

In the middle childhood period (six to 12 years), children remain vulnerable to acute and chronic environmental stressors, and become more able to understand climate change and its anticipated impacts. This heightens their\u00a0capacity to experience stress<\/a>\u00a0and anxiety<\/a>\u00a0about the consequences of living on a warming planet.<\/p>\n

Adolescence on a warming planet<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Major physiological, hormonal and social changes characterize adolescence and many teenagers feel overwhelmed by the challenges presented during this time. The\u00a0peak age of onset<\/a>\u00a0for any psychiatric disorder is 14.5 years, and around half of all disorders are established before age 18.<\/p>\n

Climate change is turning up the heat on this pressure-cooker life stage by increasing the frequency, intensity and duration of weather-related stressors such as drought, heat waves, cyclones and floods. Exposure to such events is linked to\u00a0increased risk<\/a>\u00a0of\u00a0PTSD<\/a>, anxiety and\u00a0depression<\/a>, which compromise long-term mental health resilience.<\/p>\n

Heat waves alone can\u00a0disrupt sleep<\/a>,\u00a0learning<\/a>, cognitive test\u00a0performance<\/a>\u00a0and high school\u00a0graduation rates<\/a>. These factors can impede the healthy transition to adulthood and damage long-term social and economic prospects.<\/p>\n

In other words, climate change is creating new risks for children and adolescents because it can\u00a0trigger a cascade<\/a>\u00a0of abnormal developmental changes that interact in complex ways to undermine healthy psychological maturation across the life course.<\/p>\n

Protecting children<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The best way to protect children from the effects of climate change is to aggressively mitigate global heating and supercharge adaptation to the harm it has already done. This may seem obvious, but the\u00a0persistent failure<\/a>\u00a0of national governments to collectively tackle climate change has crushed optimism and nibbled away at hope.<\/p>\n

Many young people\u00a0feel helpless and betrayed and are angry<\/a>\u00a0with adults for failing to prevent the climate crisis. They can and should be\u00a0empowered to participate<\/a>\u00a0in adaptation and response planning. Effective\u00a0climate change education<\/a>\u00a0is central to this end. It can\u00a0help children cope<\/a>\u00a0and lay the foundation for a new generation of engaged citizens and effective leadership.<\/p>\n

Around 85 per cent of the world\u2019s children\u00a0live in developing countries<\/a>\u00a0that are most vulnerable to climate change, despite being least responsible for causing it. Swift and effective action to reduce this burden is therefore a matter of major international and inter-generational justice.<\/p>\n

No time to lose<\/h2>\n

Healthy psychological development underpins societies\u2019 future social, economic and human capital, but it is being undermined by unchecked climate change. The damage begins before birth and cascades across development, with each unresolved challenge setting traps for the next.<\/p>\n

Rapid and effective action to reduce these risks is a pressing practical and moral imperative and a critical investment in the health and well-being of current and future generations of children around the world. There is no time to lose.<\/p>\n

Author Bios:<\/strong> Francis Vergunst is a Postdoctoral Fellow in developmental public health at the Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al and Helen Louise Berry is Hon Professor of Climate Change and Mental Health at the University of Sydney<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

With record-breaking\u00a0heat waves, wildfires and floods, 2021 may be the year we finally\u00a0wake up to climate change. According to the most\u00a0recent assessment\u00a0of the International Panel on Climate Change, the effects are now \u201cwidespread, rapid, and intensifying.\u201d Many impacts are irreversible and changes to oceans, ice sheets and sea levels will persist for thousands of years. […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[109017],"tags":[5155],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-59457","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health-care","tag-mental-health"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nClimate change is harming children\u2019s mental health \u2013 and this is just the start - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/climate-change-is-harming-childrens-mental-health-and-this-is-just-the-start\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Climate change is harming children\u2019s mental health \u2013 and this is just the start - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"With record-breaking\u00a0heat waves, wildfires and floods, 2021 may be the year we finally\u00a0wake up to climate change. 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