{"id":59355,"date":"2021-09-15T16:22:23","date_gmt":"2021-09-15T20:22:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=59355"},"modified":"2021-09-15T16:22:23","modified_gmt":"2021-09-15T20:22:23","slug":"8-a-m-high-school-sleep-habits-of-pandemic-teens-suggest-benefits-of-later-start-times","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/8-a-m-high-school-sleep-habits-of-pandemic-teens-suggest-benefits-of-later-start-times\/","title":{"rendered":"8 a.m. high school? Sleep habits of pandemic teens suggest benefits of later start times"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"
\nThe return to in-person classrooms this fall may have the unintended consequence of depriving many Canadian high school students of sleep.<\/p>\n

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic,\u00a0many teens were chronically sleep-deprived during the week<\/a>, putting them at\u00a0greater risk of poor health<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0more sleepiness in the classroom<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The pandemic caused an upheaval in schooling, but introduced some flexibilities in scheduling that paradoxically\u00a0allowed some teens to catch up on their sleep<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Could we capitalize on this disruption to make evidence-based changes in education to improve teens\u2019 sleep? Research suggests that doing so would help high school students have healthier and more productive years.<\/p>\n

Damaging effects of sleep deprivation<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Concern about the damaging impacts of sleep deprivation on teens is substantial, especially because teens are still developing.<\/p>\n

In pre-pandemic times, international studies suggested only about\u00a0two-thirds of Canadian adolescents were getting the eight to 10 hours of sleep on school nights<\/a>\u00a0recommended for 12- to 18-year-olds, and there was a worse picture in many European countries and\u00a0the United States<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Inadequate sleep is linked to a host of negative outcomes in youth, including greater risk\u00a0of obesity<\/a>,\u00a0diabetes<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0hypertension<\/a>\u00a0as well as depression, suicidality and substance abuse. It\u2019s also linked to\u00a0deficits in attention and memory skills<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Importantly, research points to a key role for sleep in academic performance: teens who have\u00a0irregular or poor quality sleep may have worse grades<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0be absent or late more often<\/a>. Chronic sleep deprivation may not only increase a young person\u2019s risk for health challenges down the road but also may potentially affect their career opportunities and future earning potential.<\/p>\n

Ready to wake two hours after adults<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Sleep deprivation, recognized by the\u00a0Public Health Agency of Canada<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0Centers for Disease Control<\/a>\u00a0as a significant concern for public health, is alarmingly common in teens.<\/p>\n

Contributing to teens\u2019 vulnerability to sleep deprivation is a conflict between traditional school start times (as early as 8 a.m. in some parts of Canada<\/a>) and\u00a0normal developmental changes in the sleep cycle<\/a>\u00a0that lead the average teen feeling ready to sleep and wake about two hours later than younger children and adults.<\/p>\n

Adding to this mix are other factors like\u00a0teens\u2019 greater independence in choosing their bedtimes<\/a>\u00a0and use of light-emitting screens, which, when used in the evening, can\u00a0disrupt nighttime sleep and delay the body\u2019s internal clock<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Sleep researcher Mary Carskadon has described this combination of biological, behavioural and social influences as a \u201cperfect storm<\/a>\u201d that creates prime conditions for teens to accumulate a \u201csleep debt\u201d during the school week. This makes many of them too sleepy to participate effectively in the classroom and leads to binge sleeping on the weekends.<\/p>\n

As a way of calming this storm, some school districts have experimented with later school start times. Overall, these experiments have been largely successful, with\u00a0students reporting more nightly sleep<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0less sleepiness in the classroom<\/a>\u00a0with later start times.<\/p>\n

In view of this evidence, organizations such as the\u00a0American Pediatric Society<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0American Academy of Sleep Medicine<\/a>\u00a0recommend that high schools not start class before 8:30 a.m.<\/p>\n

Other interventions like introducing sleep health education programs into the classroom have also shown\u00a0benefits for children<\/a>\u00a0and somewhat\u00a0for teens<\/a>. For example, one study of Grade 12 students showed that short-term, classroom-based educational programming improved students\u2019 knowledge of the role of sleep in health. These students also spent more time in bed on weeknights compared to students not receiving the programming. However, these benefits of participating in the program did not translate into changes that reduced students\u2019 daytime sleepiness.<\/p>\n

Pandemic: More sleep, disrupted sleep<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The conditions during COVID-19 lockdown periods opened a unique window for observing teen sleep patterns when students no longer needed to commute to the classroom. Several studies showed that\u00a0teens were sleeping more because they could sleep later into the mornings<\/a>, and\u00a0felt more rested and alert during online schooling<\/a>, suggesting that additional sleep helped them to engage in their studies.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s important to note that\u00a0other studies reported more disrupted sleep in some teens<\/a>, which may have been due in part to anxiety, depressed mood and fewer opportunities to get outside.<\/p>\n

However, having the opportunity to rest a little later into the morning could allow teens to offset some effects of a disturbed night of sleep. Taken together, what we\u2019ve learned both about teens sleeping more and teens\u2019 sleep being disrupted during the pandemic adds more evidence in favour of greater flexibility in school scheduling to improve teen sleep health.<\/p>\n

Pandemic schooling shifts<\/strong><\/h4>\n

While some schools have planned schedules to accommodate things like physical distancing and class bubbles,\u00a0could this be an opportunity to test out delayed or flexible school start times<\/a>?<\/p>\n

Staggering school start times across the day, for example, could offer a double benefit of allowing later-rising students to begin their school day a little later and reducing the number of students in school at any one time, thereby promoting physical distancing and perhaps\u00a0better distribution of resources across the day<\/a>.<\/p>\n

School districts in some\u00a0other parts of the world<\/a>\u00a0are undertaking this plan, and it will be exciting to see how scheduling changes play out.<\/p>\n

Policy change is slow, however, so what can be done now to improve teens\u2019 sleep health? Adopting\u00a0sleep recommendations<\/a>\u00a0can help put healthier sleep routines in place.<\/p>\n

Parents can\u2019t go wrong with guiding teens through basics like turning off screens at least an hour before bedtime, encouraging regular periods of activity outside in daylight, limiting daytime caffeine intake (including energy drinks) \u2014 and trying to maintain a regular daily bedtime and wake-up time, even on weekends.<\/p>\n

Excellent bilingual resources are also available through campaigns such as\u00a0\u201cSleep On It!\u201d<\/a>\u00a0(developed by the\u00a0Canadian Sleep and Circadian Network<\/a>), the\u00a0Canadian Sleep Society<\/a>,\u00a0Fondation Sommeil<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Wake Up Narcolepsy Canada<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Suzanne Hood is Associate Professor of Psychology at Bishop’s University<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The return to in-person classrooms this fall may have the unintended consequence of depriving many Canadian high school students of sleep. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic,\u00a0many teens were chronically sleep-deprived during the week, putting them at\u00a0greater risk of poor health\u00a0and\u00a0more sleepiness in the classroom. The pandemic caused an upheaval in schooling, but introduced some flexibilities […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[421991],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-59355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education","tag-sleep-disruption"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n8 a.m. high school? 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