{"id":55321,"date":"2020-12-24T00:00:11","date_gmt":"2020-12-24T08:00:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=55321"},"modified":"2020-12-23T11:58:10","modified_gmt":"2020-12-23T19:58:10","slug":"congress-lifts-long-standing-ban-on-pell-grants-to-people-in-prison","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/congress-lifts-long-standing-ban-on-pell-grants-to-people-in-prison\/","title":{"rendered":"Congress lifts long-standing ban on Pell grants to people in prison"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-55322\" src=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/in-prison.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/in-prison.jpg 680w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/in-prison-250x151.jpg 250w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/in-prison-600x364.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>When Congress decided in 1994 to\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/congressionalresearch.com\/RS21785\/document.php\">ban federal student aid<\/a>\u00a0for people behind bars, it was part of a wider political agenda to \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/politics\/archive\/2014\/04\/a-timeline-of-the-rise-and-fall-of-tough-on-crime-drug-sentencing\/360983\/\">get tough on crime<\/a>\u201d \u2013 even though\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/\/10.1257\/089533004773563485\">crime rates had begun to fall<\/a>\u00a0in the 1990s.<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sentencingproject.org\/publications\/trends-in-u-s-corrections\/\">number of people behind bars grew<\/a>, but, without access to federal student aid,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/pubs\/research_reports\/RR564.html\">higher education programs in America\u2019s correctional facilities dwindled<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>On Dec. 21, 2020, Congress moved to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/technology-prisons-legislation-coronavirus-pandemic-health-eb69014f6cc85f8384c180a441d94463\">lift the long-standing ban<\/a>\u00a0on federal student aid \u2013 specifically, the Pell grant \u2013 for those who are incarcerated. The decision comes after a long push for prison reforms that included calls for a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/press-releases\/91-percent-americans-support-criminal-justice-reform-aclu-polling-finds\">greater emphasis on rehabilitation<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pewtrusts.org\/en\/research-and-analysis\/issue-briefs\/2017\/03\/state-reforms-reverse-decades-of-incarceration-growth\">reducing prison populations<\/a>\u00a0and making prison sentences\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ussc.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/pdf\/research-and-publications\/backgrounders\/profile_FSA_2010.pdf\">less harsh<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>$1.4 trillion<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The measure is part of a US$1.4 trillion government\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/education\/2020\/12\/20\/congress-spending-colleges-pell-fafsa\/\">spending bill<\/a>\u00a0for 2021 that is\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/thehill.com\/policy\/finance\/531164-congress-unveils-23-trillion-government-spending-and-virus-relief-package\">attached to a pandemic relief bill<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>As the director of a prison college program at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubalt.edu\/cpa\/about-the-college\/community-engagement\/second-chance-college-program.cfm\">The University of Baltimore<\/a>, I know firsthand that providing college for people in prison will make a positive difference in their lives. It will also improve public safety and save taxpayers money.<\/p>\n<p>Research by the Rand Corp. has shown that participation in prison education programs reduces\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7249\/RR266\">by 43% the rate at which people reoffend<\/a>. The reduction in the likelihood to break the law means that for every dollar spent on prison education, taxpayers\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanprogress.org\/issues\/education-k-12\/news\/2018\/03\/02\/447321\/education-opportunities-prison-key-reducing-crime\/\">save $5 in reincarceration costs<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Prison education has also been shown to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/pubs\/research_reports\/RR266.html\">improve job prospects<\/a>\u00a0for those released. Children of an incarcerated person who attended college\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/education\/archive\/2014\/04\/are-college-degrees-inherited\/360532\/\">are also more likely to attend college<\/a>\u00a0themselves.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>A view from the inside<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Each year at the prison education program that I oversee, 50 men serving sentences at a maximum-security penitentiary in Maryland take college courses through the university where I teach. Students enroll in general education courses for two to three years before moving onto coursework in human services administration. Many students are released by the time they are juniors and continue earning their degrees on campus.<\/p>\n<p>Several students who have kept going are now working within the human services field. They work at local nonprofit organizations such as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/turnaroundtuesday.org\/\">Turn Around Tuesday<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/concertedcaregroup.com\/\">Concerted Care Group<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.hildasplace.com\/\">Hilda\u2019s Place Behavioral Health Services<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Having several semesters of college completed in prison has helped the students continue their enrollment and secure these jobs. Taking college courses also helps students become better\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/eric.ed.gov\/?id=EJ971293\">critical thinkers<\/a>, builds\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarshallproject.org\/2018\/04\/05\/finding-college-by-way-of-prison\">leadership skills<\/a>\u00a0and creates a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarshallproject.org\/2018\/04\/05\/finding-college-by-way-of-prison\">sense of community<\/a>\u00a0among those who participate.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Second chance<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The program I direct is part of the first federal effort to expand access to college in prison. In 2015, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/ed\/2015\/07\/31\/428148089\/the-plan-to-give-pell-grants-to-prisoners\">Obama administration announced<\/a>\u00a0the Department of Education Experimental Sites Initiative, also known as \u201cSecond Chance Pell.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.insidehighered.com\/news\/2016\/06\/24\/us-expands-pell-grant-program-12000-prison\">Launched in 2016<\/a>, Second Chance Pell allowed 67 colleges and universities to enroll incarcerated students using Pell grants on a trial basis.<\/p>\n<p>With over\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vera.org\/downloads\/publications\/second-chance-pell-snapshot-first-three-years.pdf\">17,000 students<\/a>\u00a0participating in 28 states during the first three years of Second Chance Pell, about\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vera.org\/downloads\/publications\/second-chance-pell-snapshot-first-three-years.pdf\">4,450 credentials have been awarded<\/a>\u00a0through the program. Most students have obtained certificates, followed by associate degrees, then bachelor\u2019s degrees.<\/p>\n<p>In 2020, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ed.gov\/news\/press-releases\/secretary-devos-expands-second-chance-pell-experiment-more-doubling-opportunities-incarcerated-students-gain-job-skills-and-earn-postsecondary-credentials\">program was expanded<\/a>\u00a0to allow an additional 67 colleges and universities to serve even more students.<\/p>\n<h4>No shortage<\/h4>\n<p>Now that Pell grants are being restored for the incarcerated, it is expected that 64% of people in state and federal prison \u2013 or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vera.org\/downloads\/publications\/investing-in-futures.pdf\">half a million people<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 will be eligible for federal student aid.<\/p>\n<p>There\u2019s no shortage of colleges eager to serve this population. Consider the fact that in the second round of Second Chance Pell,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ed.gov\/news\/press-releases\/secretary-devos-expands-second-chance-pell-experiment-more-doubling-opportunities-incarcerated-students-gain-job-skills-and-earn-postsecondary-credentials\">180 colleges applied, with only 67 selected<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Second Chance Pell currently requires programs to incorporate\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www2.ed.gov\/about\/offices\/list\/ope\/pell-secondchance.pdf\">three crucial components<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Here are the three components:<\/p>\n<p>1) Offering credentials that prepare students for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/research\/labor-and-employment\/barriers-to-work-individuals-with-criminal-records.aspx\">high-demand fields that are accessible<\/a>\u00a0to people with criminal records.<\/p>\n<p>2) Ensuring programs provide students with assistance transferring their credits or enrolling on campus if they are released before they earn a credential.<\/p>\n<p>3) Requiring reentry services to help students address other needs such as housing, employment and various forms of treatment.<\/p>\n<h2>Accountability<\/h2>\n<p>Although the government is lifting the ban on federal student aid to the incarcerated, colleges will not be able to provide prison education without accountability. There are\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/beta.documentcloud.org\/documents\/20433222-bills-116hr133sa-rcp-116-68\">requirements to evaluate<\/a>\u00a0the programs. Among other things, schools must assess various outcomes, such as whether the programs improve prison safety and how many participants earn degrees or continue their education upon release. The evaluations will also look at how many participants get jobs or return to prison.<\/p>\n<p>If successful, the outcomes of Pell restoration will mirror the data that already show the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vera.org\/downloads\/publications\/investing-in-futures.pdf\">benefits of prison college programs<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 increased levels of educational attainment, more employment opportunities, higher earnings and safer communities.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Author Bio:<\/strong> Andrea Cantora is Associate Professor of Criminal Justice at the University of Baltimore<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When Congress decided in 1994 to\u00a0ban federal student aid\u00a0for people behind bars, it was part of a wider political agenda to \u201cget tough on crime\u201d \u2013 even though\u00a0crime rates had begun to fall\u00a0in the 1990s. The\u00a0number of people behind bars grew, but, without access to federal student aid,\u00a0higher education programs in America\u2019s correctional facilities dwindled. [&hellip;]\n&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/congress-lifts-long-standing-ban-on-pell-grants-to-people-in-prison\/\" class=\"more\">learn more&rarr;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":55322,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[12949],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-55321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-higher-education","tag-pell-grants-2"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Congress lifts long-standing ban on Pell grants to people in prison - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/congress-lifts-long-standing-ban-on-pell-grants-to-people-in-prison\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Congress lifts long-standing ban on Pell grants to people in prison - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When Congress decided in 1994 to\u00a0ban federal student aid\u00a0for people behind bars, it was part of a wider political agenda to \u201cget tough on crime\u201d \u2013 even though\u00a0crime rates had begun to fall\u00a0in the 1990s. 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