{"id":54636,"date":"2020-10-29T00:00:43","date_gmt":"2020-10-29T07:00:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=54636"},"modified":"2020-10-28T13:20:51","modified_gmt":"2020-10-28T20:20:51","slug":"school-chaplains-may-be-cheaper-than-psychologists-but-we-dont-have-enough-evidence-of-their-impact","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/school-chaplains-may-be-cheaper-than-psychologists-but-we-dont-have-enough-evidence-of-their-impact\/","title":{"rendered":"School chaplains may be cheaper than psychologists. But we don\u2019t have enough evidence of their impact"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

The Australian government\u00a0committed more than A$247 million<\/a>\u00a0over 2019-22 to continue funding chaplains in Australian schools. The\u00a0National School Chaplaincy Program<\/a>\u00a0aims to \u201csupport the well-being of students through pastoral care services and strategies\u201d.<\/p>\n

Schools are eligible for $20,280 per year year ($24,336 for remote schools) to appoint a chaplain.<\/p>\n

Since its inception by the Howard government in 2006,\u00a0there have been concerns<\/a>\u00a0from many, including parents and education unions,\u00a0about the religious affiliations<\/a>\u00a0of chaplains, and the conflict this presents when they work in secular schools.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s worth recapping what\u2019s known about how the chaplaincy program has operated so far, and what alternatives exist.<\/p>\n

Are all chaplains religious?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The 2018\u00a0agreement on the national chaplaincy program<\/a>, between the Commonwealth government and all states and territories, sets out that the states must ensure chaplains may be of any faith. States must also ensure chaplains do not proselytise \u2014 that is, convert or attempt to convert a student to their religion.<\/p>\n

But the agreement also says a chaplain must be \u201crecognised through formal ordination, commissioning, recognised religious qualifications or endorsement by a recognised or accepted religious institution\u201d.<\/p>\n

The ACT\u00a0ended the chaplaincy program<\/a>\u00a0in 2019 saying the fact that chaplains must have a religious affiliation is incompatible with the education act. In March 2019,\u00a0Victoria agreed to change<\/a>\u00a0the job description of chaplains to say they could be of any faith or no faith. However,\u00a0recent reports suggest<\/a>\u00a0non-Christian counsellor applicants are still being denied employment in Victoria on the grounds of their faith.<\/p>\n

And\u00a0there have been reports<\/a>\u00a0of chaplains being encouraged to promote a Christian theology course to students in NSW.<\/p>\n

Under the national\u00a0agreement<\/a>, chaplains are required to \u201crespect, accept and be sensitive\u201d to the beliefs of others. But it is possible some chaplains are unable to support children (LGBTIAQ+ students for instance) whose lives do not align with their religious affiliation.<\/p>\n

Are chaplains effective?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

An\u00a0independent evaluation of the chaplaincy program<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 conducted from 2016-17 across government, Catholic and independent schools \u2014 concluded chaplains are \u201chighly effective in boosting student well-being\u201d. However, principals said only 30% of children received support from the school chaplain. And only 134 students nation-wide provided feedback.<\/p>\n

This means there is still a distinct lack of evidence as to whether the chaplaincy program is effectively supporting children and young people\u2019s mental well-being.<\/p>\n

Authors of the evaluation highlighted that staff saw the chaplain as being good at supporting the emotional well-being of students. This included helping students manage relationship issues and to develop self esteem.<\/p>\n

But chaplains were seen as less equipped to manage complex student problems. These included alcohol and drug abuse, sexuality, self-harm and suicide, academic achievement, and student exposure to violence, racism and neglect.<\/p>\n

These limits are unsurprising, as the role of\u00a0chaplains<\/a>\u00a0under the program is well-being support.<\/p>\n

What are the alternatives to chaplains?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

A\u00a0chaplain<\/a>\u00a0in the government program must have a certificate IV in youth work or pastoral care. This must include competencies in \u201cmental health\u201d and \u201cmaking appropriate referrals\u201d. The courses can be completed within 12 months and have no minimum entry requirements.<\/p>\n

In comparison,\u00a0school psychologists must have<\/a>\u00a0a minimum six-year sequence of education, training and supervision. Psychologists are trained in managing students with academic issues, complex personal issues, psychological issues and those related to self-harm and suicide.<\/p>\n

Psychologists are also\u00a0required to maintain minimum standards<\/a>\u00a0for continued training and supervision to retain their registration.<\/p>\n

Psychologists are relatively expensive in comparison with chaplains, and can be difficult to access due to their demand. The\u00a0average psychologist salary in Australia<\/a>\u00a0is $90,900 per year. This falls well short of the $20,280 offered through the chaplaincy program. It would only be enough for psychologists to work little over one day per week in schools, unless the school supplemented the funding.<\/p>\n

Chaplains can also only be employed part-time if schools are not supplementing the government funding.<\/p>\n

Schools could employ the less expensive but lesser-trained counsellors. But people aren\u2019t expected to have specific qualifications or accreditation to work as a counsellor in Australia. The average\u00a0salary for counsellors<\/a>\u00a0in Australia is $82,578 per year.<\/p>\n

At the moment\u00a0anyone can call themselves a counsellor<\/a>\u00a0regardless of their training, including people with no training at all. In contrast, the title of \u201cpsychologist<\/a>\u201d is protected.<\/p>\n

Employing\u00a0social workers<\/a>\u00a0in schools would likely support children and families, particularly those with more complex needs. Social workers in Australia are required to completed a bachelor of social work and are\u00a0paid an average<\/a>\u00a0$85,331 per year.<\/p>\n

There isn\u2019t a\u00a0one-size-fits-all solution<\/a>\u00a0to our youth mental health crisis. But we do need better regulation of mental health practitioners and further evaluation of the role and impact of psychologists, social workers, counsellors and chaplains in schools.<\/p>\n

Our\u00a0recent research<\/a>, exploring teenagers\u2019 use of mental health services, noted an under-resourcing of mental health support in schools. Teenagers said there were few mental health services easily accessible to them, and they needed more support from schools.<\/p>\n

The\u00a02019 submission to an inquiry into mental health<\/a>\u00a0(by a national professional association for school psychologists, school counsellors and guidance officers) recommended schools stop spending money on \u201cstaff unqualified to occupy titles in schools if they are ill-equipped for the purpose of professional student mental health support\u201d.<\/p>\n

Substantial funding of any program should be linked with rigorous evaluation. Evidence about the extensive mental health and well-being needs of children and young people at school should be considered in any decision on national program funding.<\/p>\n

Author Bios:<\/strong> Karen Martin is Assistant Professor Population Health at the University of Western Australia, Emily Berger is a Lecturer at Monash University and Mandi Kasten-Lee is a Research Associate at the University of Western Australia<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Australian government\u00a0committed more than A$247 million\u00a0over 2019-22 to continue funding chaplains in Australian schools. The\u00a0National School Chaplaincy Program\u00a0aims to \u201csupport the well-being of students through pastoral care services and strategies\u201d. Schools are eligible for $20,280 per year year ($24,336 for remote schools) to appoint a chaplain. Since its inception by the Howard government in […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":54637,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[357469],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-54636","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","tag-pastoral-care-services"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSchool chaplains may be cheaper than psychologists. 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