{"id":51060,"date":"2020-02-13T11:50:11","date_gmt":"2020-02-13T19:50:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=51060"},"modified":"2020-02-13T11:50:11","modified_gmt":"2020-02-13T19:50:11","slug":"schools-should-heed-calls-to-do-lockdown-drills-without-traumatizing-kids-instead-of-abolishing-them","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/schools-should-heed-calls-to-do-lockdown-drills-without-traumatizing-kids-instead-of-abolishing-them\/","title":{"rendered":"Schools should heed calls to do lockdown drills without traumatizing kids instead of abolishing them"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund, an advocacy group, has joined with the American Federation of Teachers and the National Educators Association, the nation\u2019s two biggest teachers unions, to produce a report on\u00a0lockdown drills<\/a>\u00a0in schools. The report calls for drastic changes in how these drills are conducted today. They say that drills\u00a0shouldn\u2019t be a surprise, involve realistic details or include kids<\/a>.<\/p>\n

These concerns reflect questions I consider in\u00a0my research about the impact of lockdown drills<\/a>: Is it possible to be prepared without being scared? And do kids need this training or just teachers and other school staff?<\/p>\n

I agree with some of the teachers\u2019 and Everytown\u2019s concerns, but I don\u2019t agree that kids shouldn\u2019t participate in drills.<\/p>\n

Lockdown drill excesses<\/strong><\/h4>\n

There\u2019s been no shortage of troubling headlines about lockdown drills and similar practices in recent years.<\/p>\n

Teachers in\u00a0Monticello, Indiana<\/a>, in March 2019, were hurt when they got shot in the back with plastic pellets.<\/p>\n

Students in\u00a0Franklin, Ohio<\/a>, were exposed to sounds of simulated gunfire.<\/p>\n

Sometimes, role-playing kids and teens, covered in\u00a0fake blood<\/a>, are scattered throughout their schools \u2013 screaming.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Holding emergency drills<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Today, more than\u00a095% of public schools<\/a>\u00a0conduct lockdown drills. They became considerably more commonplace and focused on active attacker situations after the 1999 shooting at Columbine High School, in which 12 students and a teacher were murdered.<\/p>\n

But U.S. schools have held emergency preparedness drills for decades.<\/p>\n

In the 1950s, students\u00a0practiced duck-and-cover drills<\/a>\u00a0to prepare for the atomic attacks Americans feared would occur during the Cold War.<\/p>\n

Fire drills became\u00a0commonplace in schools after 1958<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 when a student at a Chicago parochial school started a fire in the building\u2019s boiler room. The conflagration killed 93 students and two teachers.<\/p>\n

Across the nation, students, faculty and staff participate in drills to prepare for\u00a0earthquakes<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0tornadoes<\/a>\u00a0without hesitation or second thoughts. These practices have become routine.<\/p>\n

So why is resistance to lockdown drills rising to the point where teachers and activists are\u00a0calling for their abolition<\/a>?<\/p>\n

The importance of practicing<\/strong><\/h4>\n

There are two key reasons why there is such an aversion to lockdown drills.<\/p>\n

The first comes from a muddling of two things that are related but not the same:\u00a0exercises and drills<\/a>. Exercises incorporate realistic sights and sounds, such as the simulated screaming and bleeding that might occur during a mass shooting.<\/p>\n

Drills, on the other hand, only require practice, such as evacuating a building or locking doors and getting as many people as possible out of sight.<\/p>\n

Nobody sets schools on fire<\/a>\u00a0during fire drills to make them seem realistic. Instead, everyone practices how to respond so that it\u2019s easier to do the right thing in frightening situations.<\/p>\n

Exercises and drills are often talked about as if they are the same. But they are different, a point that often is lost in the call to end the practices associated with them because both are often perceived as traumatic.<\/p>\n

Three studie<\/strong>s<\/h4>\n

A second reason that lockdown drills are misunderstood is the lack of available research.<\/p>\n

Anecdotes about the impact of lockdown drills are everywhere. Evidence, however, is scarce. To date, just three studies published in academic journals have examined the effects of a lockdown drill on students.<\/p>\n

In 2007, psychologists\u00a0Elizabeth Zhe<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Amanda Nickerson<\/a>\u00a0found that when conducted in accordance with\u00a0best practices<\/a>, drills can increase awareness of how to respond to a situation without increasing anxiety or making people feel less safe.<\/p>\n

Ten years later, researchers at Sam Houston State University, Misty Jo Dickson and\u00a0Kristina Vargo<\/a>, found similar results: With continued practice, kindergarten students were able to\u00a0master most of the steps<\/a>\u00a0required during lockdown drills.<\/p>\n

Most recently, Nickerson, Syracuse school safety leader\u00a0Thomas Ristoff<\/a>\u00a0and I found that participation in training and accompanying lockdown drills\u00a0makes students feel more prepared<\/a>. Building confidence enhances the ability to do what\u2019s needed during an emergency, our research indicates.<\/p>\n

Consistent with the calls made in the report by Everytown and the teachers unions, I believe\u00a0schools should use best practices<\/a>\u00a0when conducting lockdown drills. According to the National Association of School Psychologists and others, this doesn\u2019t include simulation exercises that involve fake blood and screams.<\/p>\n

Experts agree that participants should know that they\u2019re experiencing a drill, rather than a real situation, to minimize the\u00a0possibility of trauma<\/a>. School administrators can schedule these drills in advance so they aren\u2019t completely unexpected. Mental health professionals should help with planning. And these drills should be appropriate both for the ages involved and for special needs such as prior traumatic experiences.<\/p>\n

Also, teachers and staff should always talk with students afterward to answer any questions they may have.<\/p>\n

Although lockdown exercises have become more elaborate since 2007, lockdown drills have remained largely the same.<\/p>\n

Defining objectives<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Lockdown drills, like fire drills, should help people respond correctly in emergency situations by making them practice. Along with training, having\u00a0clearly defined objectives<\/a>\u00a0is critical. Students must learn what to do and why.<\/p>\n

Schools typically have\u00a0three clearly defined goals<\/a>\u00a0during lockdown drills: lock doors, turn off lights and remain silent and out of view of anyone in the hallway.<\/p>\n

In real life, situations that would result in a lockdown being called \u2013 such as an armed attacker on school grounds \u2013 usually\u00a0end within minutes<\/a>. Locking doors slows down assailants, giving first responders more time to stop them.<\/p>\n

Turning lights off makes it harder for an attacker to find their targets, as does remaining out of sight and staying quiet.<\/p>\n

Each emergency situation is different. Each has unique circumstances dictating the right response. This is why I believe that training is so important: It empowers students, teachers and others to make critical decisions in a crisis.<\/p>\n

The nature of an active shooting means that adults can\u2019t always make all of the decisions. In both the\u00a0Sandy Hook<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Parkland<\/a>\u00a0shootings, teachers were killed, leaving rooms full of students vulnerable. Students must have the necessary skills to respond on their own. That\u2019s why I consider calls to only train teachers and staff shortsighted.<\/p>\n

Being prepared<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Although\u00a0school shootings have become a matter of grave public concern<\/a>, public schools remain\u00a0among the safest places<\/a>\u00a0for children to be.\u00a0Mass shootings at schools are rare<\/a>. Yet they do occur.<\/p>\n

I believe kids should be prepared, but also that drills don\u2019t have to be scary to be effective. Schools can take steps to\u00a0minimize the anxiety and trauma<\/a>\u00a0surrounding lockdown drills and still help students, rather than just their teachers, know how to respond.<\/p>\n

While I don\u2019t recommend exercises featuring plastic pellets and fake blood, the evidence available indicates that practicing what to do when an emergency arises is worthwhile.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Jaclyn Schildkraut is Associate Professor of Criminal Justice at the State University of New York Oswego<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund, an advocacy group, has joined with the American Federation of Teachers and the National Educators Association, the nation\u2019s two biggest teachers unions, to produce a report on\u00a0lockdown drills\u00a0in schools. The report calls for drastic changes in how these drills are conducted today. They say that drills\u00a0shouldn\u2019t be a surprise, […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":51061,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[350706],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-51060","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","tag-lockdown-drills"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSchools should heed calls to do lockdown drills without traumatizing kids instead of abolishing them - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/schools-should-heed-calls-to-do-lockdown-drills-without-traumatizing-kids-instead-of-abolishing-them\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Schools should heed calls to do lockdown drills without traumatizing kids instead of abolishing them - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund, an advocacy group, has joined with the American Federation of Teachers and the National Educators Association, the nation\u2019s two biggest teachers unions, to produce a report on\u00a0lockdown drills\u00a0in schools. 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