{"id":50665,"date":"2020-01-10T11:29:34","date_gmt":"2020-01-10T19:29:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=50665"},"modified":"2020-01-10T11:29:34","modified_gmt":"2020-01-10T19:29:34","slug":"the-made-up-crisis-behind-the-state-takeover-of-houstons-public-schools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/the-made-up-crisis-behind-the-state-takeover-of-houstons-public-schools\/","title":{"rendered":"The made-up crisis behind the state takeover of Houston\u2019s public schools"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"
\nIf the state of Texas had its way, the state would be in the process of\u00a0taking over<\/a>\u00a0the Houston Independent School District.<\/p>\n

But a judge\u00a0temporarily blocked<\/a>\u00a0the takeover on Jan. 8, with the issue now set to be decided at a trial in June.<\/p>\n

The ruling temporarily spares Houston\u2019s public school system from joining a list of over 100 school districts in the nation that have experienced similar\u00a0state takeovers<\/a>\u00a0during the past 30 years.<\/p>\n

The list includes New York City, Chicago, Boston, Philadelphia, Detroit, New Orleans, Baltimore, Oakland and Newark. Houston is the largest school district in Texas and the\u00a0seventh largest<\/a>\u00a0in the U.S.<\/p>\n

While the state of Texas\u00a0claims<\/a>\u00a0the planned takeover is about school improvement,\u00a0my research on state takeovers<\/a>\u00a0of school districts suggests that the Houston takeover, like others, is influenced by racism and political power.<\/p>\n

States fail to deliver<\/strong><\/h4>\n

State governments have used takeovers since the late 1980s to intervene in school districts they have identified as in need of improvement. While state administrations promise that takeovers will improve school systems,\u00a030 years of evidence<\/a>\u00a0shows that state takeovers do not meet the states\u2019 promised expectations. For instance, a recent report called Michigan\u2019s 15-year management of the Detroit schools a\u00a0\u201ccostly mistake\u201d<\/a>\u00a0because the takeover was not able to address the school system\u2019s major challenges, which included adequately funding the school district.<\/p>\n

But while the takeovers don\u2019t deliver promised results, as I show in my\u00a0book<\/a>, they do have significant negative political and economic consequences for communities, which overwhelmingly are communities of color. These negative consequences often include the removal of locally elected school boards. They also involve decreases in teachers and staff and the loss of local control of schools.<\/p>\n

Despite the highly problematic history of state takeovers, states have justified the takeovers on the grounds that the entire school district is in need of improvement. However, this is not the case for the Houston takeover because by the state\u2019s own standards, the Houston school system is not failing.<\/p>\n

Low threshold for state intervention<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Following a 2015 law,\u00a0HB 1842<\/a>, the state of Texas was granted authority to take over a school district if a single school in that district fails to meet state education standards for five or more years. The bill was passed by the Republican controlled state legislature with Democratic support. However, Democratic state lawmakers representing Houston argue that the law was a mistake and\u00a0urged for it to be revised<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Although the state has given the Houston Independent School District a\u00a0B rating<\/a>, it plans to take over the Houston schools because\u00a0one school<\/a>, Wheatley High School, has not met state standards for seven years. According to state law, the state can take over a school district or close a school if it fails to meet standards for five years.<\/p>\n

The Houston Independent School District has\u00a0280 schools<\/a>. The district serves over\u00a0200,000 students<\/a>. It employs roughly\u00a012,000 teachers<\/a>. Wheatley High School serves roughly\u00a0800 students<\/a>\u00a0and has roughly 50 teachers.<\/p>\n

So why would a state take over a school district that has earned a B rating from the state? And why base the takeover on the performance of one school that represents fewer than 1% of the district\u2019s student and teaching population?<\/p>\n

In order to understand the logic of the planned state takeover of the Houston schools, it pays to understand the important role that schools have played in the social, political and economic development of communities of color. Historically, communities of color have relied on school level politics as an entry point to broader political participation. School level politics may involve issues like ending school segregation, demanding more resources for schools, increasing the numbers of teachers and administrators of color, and participating in school board elections.<\/p>\n

The process of gaining political power at the local level \u2013 and eventually state level \u2013\u00a0often begins at the schools<\/a>, particularly the school board. For instance, before blacks and\u00a0Latinos<\/a>\u00a0elect members of their communities to the city councils, the mayor\u2019s office, and state legislatures, they often\u00a0elect members to the school board first<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Political representation at stake<\/strong><\/h4>\n

In Texas, communities of color are politically underrepresented. Although blacks, Latinos, and Asians represent nearly 60% of the population in Texas, their political power at the state level is not proportional to their population. Whites make up\u00a064%<\/a>\u00a0of the state legislature. The Republican Party controls the governorship, state House of Representatives and state Senate, but only\u00a04%<\/a>\u00a0of all Republican state legislators are of color. Communities of color in Texas have filed lawsuits arguing that they have been prevented from gaining political representation at the state level by Republicans through\u00a0racial gerrymandering<\/a>\u00a0and voter identification laws that\u00a0disenfranchise black and Latino voters<\/a>.<\/p>\n

However, despite years of systematic exclusion of people of color, the political landscape is changing in Texas. Texas is\u00a0increasingly urbanizing<\/a>\u00a0as a result of population growth in the state\u2019s cities. Since urban voters are\u00a0more likely<\/a>\u00a0to vote Democratic, the growth in the urban population may potentially alter political dynamics in the state. Also, while African Americans have solidly identified with the Democratic Party in Texas, Latinos have not. But that, too, is changing.\u00a0Polls<\/a>\u00a0show that Latino support for Republican presidential candidates in Texas went from a high of 49% during George W. Bush\u2019s reelection in 2004, to 35% for McCain in 2008, 29% for Romney in 2012, to a low of 18% for Trump in\u00a02016<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Houston, as the largest urban center in Texas, is\u00a0at the forefront of this challenge<\/a>\u00a0to the Republican grip of state power in Texas. The Houston schools, in particular, are representative of the state\u2019s demographic and political future. The nine-member Houston school board is reflective of the community it serves. It has four Latinos, three African Americans, one Asian and one white. This, in my view, is what has put the Houston public school system and school board at the forefront of a battle that is really about race and political power.<\/p>\n

The Houston public school system is not failing. Rather, Republican Gov. Greg Abbott, Education Commissioner Mike Morath and the Republican state legislature are manufacturing an education crisis to prevent people of color in Houston from exercising their citizenship rights and seizing political power.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Domingo Morel is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Rutgers University Newark<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

If the state of Texas had its way, the state would be in the process of\u00a0taking over\u00a0the Houston Independent School District. But a judge\u00a0temporarily blocked\u00a0the takeover on Jan. 8, with the issue now set to be decided at a trial in June. The ruling temporarily spares Houston\u2019s public school system from joining a list of […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":50666,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[350663],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-50665","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","tag-public-school-systems"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe made-up crisis behind the state takeover of Houston\u2019s public schools - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/the-made-up-crisis-behind-the-state-takeover-of-houstons-public-schools\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The made-up crisis behind the state takeover of Houston\u2019s public schools - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"If the state of Texas had its way, the state would be in the process of\u00a0taking over\u00a0the Houston Independent School District. 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