{"id":50617,"date":"2020-01-06T11:05:35","date_gmt":"2020-01-06T19:05:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/world.edu\/?p=50617"},"modified":"2020-01-06T11:05:35","modified_gmt":"2020-01-06T19:05:35","slug":"communities-can-combat-racism-hate-and-extremism-with-education","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/communities-can-combat-racism-hate-and-extremism-with-education\/","title":{"rendered":"Communities can combat racism, hate and extremism with education"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"
\nLate one afternoon this past summer, after leaving my Winnipeg office, I came across a poster that read: \u201cWhen the house of cards comes crashing down, we\u2019ll be ready. Will you join us?\u201d In the background of this poster, the bridge that connects St. Boniface\u00a0at the Forks<\/a>\u00a0was visible, while in the foreground, a masked soldier stood ominously with an assault rifle.<\/p>\n

I thought that the poster might be from a theatre company for the Fringe Festival, and in the age of terror, I thought this production to be a novel one.<\/p>\n

Unbeknownst to me, it was a recruitment poster\u00a0for The Base, a U.S.-based neo-Nazi group<\/a>. Within days, the\u00a0Winnipeg Free Press<\/em>\u00a0had published an investigative piece that highlighted a chilling interview with a local Winnipeg member. The piece also said research shows \u201cthe presence of far-right extremists and members of hate groups in the ranks of the Canadian Armed Forces is a problem<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n

Through both my own research in peace and conflict studies, and in my experiences listening to Winnipeg educators in a forum last winter, I believe that to confront and combat extremism, Manitoba needs new ways of engaging with young people that are sensitive to Manitoba\u2019s social-political context.<\/p>\n

We need to create opportunities where young people can share and critically reflect on their experiences with teachers and caring adults in schools and in their communities at large.<\/p>\n

Such efforts might be built upon Brazilian educator Paulo Freire\u2019s\u00a0Education: the Practice of Freedom<\/em><\/a>, in which he wrote: \u201cTo be human is to engage in relationships with others.\u201d The role of human beings is\u00a0not simply to be in the world but to engage with the world<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Young people targeted by extremists<\/strong><\/h4>\n

As a researcher, I am curious to identify the social factors that cause extremism, which often leads to violence. Over the past decade, I have explored factors shaping extremism and how various social groups compete and collaborate to\u00a0transform extremism and hate<\/a>.<\/p>\n

In my PhD research, I analyzed qualitative data gained from interviews with 49 community leaders in Winnipeg. These leaders identified inter-group animosity, as related to racism and inequality, as\u00a0top social conflict issues in the city<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The causes of extremism globally reveals a trend:\u00a0young people in schools and universities<\/a>\u00a0are often\u00a0targeted by extremist recruiters<\/a>\u00a0who deploy a narrative of hate to motivate them.<\/p>\n

Manitoba context<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The poster and the subsequent news analysis about The Base recruiting in Winnipeg\u00a0reinforced the reality that<\/a>\u00a0Manitoba is not an\u00a0exemplary model of multiculturalism<\/a>\u00a0but a place that must seriously grapple with racism.<\/p>\n

The Base\u2019s call to take up arms comes on the heels of a number of disturbing and grim events in Winnipeg.<\/p>\n

Last winter, three years after people gathered for a vigil at The Forks for teenager Tina Fontaine, many were\u00a0outraged when the man accused of killing her was aquitted<\/a>. Many highlighted how the trial revealed both\u00a0racism in Canadian courts<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0deep failures<\/a>\u00a0of other institutions.<\/p>\n

Last year, signs stating \u201cIt\u2019s okay to be white<\/a>\u201d popped up at a number of educational institutions.<\/p>\n

A whole Winnipeg school division closed due to online threats<\/a>, a scenario eerily echoed\u00a0recently during a school lockdown<\/a>\u00a0in Vita, Man., about 100 kilometres southeast of Winnipeg.<\/p>\n

In 2016, the province saw high-profile terror activities in Aaron Driver\u2019s allegiance to ISIS and his eventual demise. Driver was killed in Strathroy, Ont., in an RCMP altercation\u00a0after he detonated a device in a taxi<\/a>, but had lived in Winnipeg.<\/p>\n

Dialogue with educators<\/strong><\/h4>\n

I reached out to educators to hear about their experiences dealing with extremism in their classrooms. In a facilitated dialogue last February, I spoke with 12 educators from the Lord Selkirk and Louis Riel school divisions, and the University of Winnipeg Faculty of Education. Three things stood out from this dialogue.<\/p>\n

Participants agreed that racism and anti-immigrant extremism\u00a0were on the rise<\/a>\u00a0and manifesting in different forms, and said they were often uncomfortable addressing the matter in classrooms.<\/p>\n

For example, a student wore a T-shirt with the \u201cIt\u2019s okay to be white\u201d slogan for couple of days until one educator intervened. Another educator shared her experience of interacting with Driver in an adult education class. Educators are left to themselves to deal with such situations.<\/p>\n

Second, while the existing curriculum contains subjects like global issues and citizenship, it is seldom possible to discuss domestic hot-button matters such as race, religion and sex in the classroom because the educators aren\u2019t obligated to do so and some of them are not comfortable discussing such topics in class.<\/p>\n

Third, educators explained that multi-stakeholder support is needed to intervene comprehensively to counter extremism, because young people only spend part of the day in classrooms.<\/p>\n

New approaches<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The Manitoba\u00a0social studies curriculum<\/a>\u00a0explains the concept of citizenship as \u201cknowledgeable and engaged citizens\u201d and is therefore an essential subject for kindergarten to Grade 12 students in age-appropriate ways.<\/p>\n

There is also a strong focus on human rights, equality and responsibilities of citizens, as well as on anti-bias and anti-racism approaches and Aboriginal perspectives throughout the social studies curriculum. But racism is not covered as a subject or as content exclusively.<\/p>\n

For example, Grade 11 Canadian history aims to teach students how to critically reflect on\u00a0discrimination in a Canadian context<\/a>. It emphasizes\u00a0knowledge of the numbered treaties, the Indian Act and residential schools<\/a>. It discusses content about \u201crestrictions to Asian immigration,\u201d the Chinese head tax and the impact of the American Civil War on Black immigration to Canada as well as Black loyalists \u2014 and how Canada admitted only a small number of refugee Jews between 1933 to 1939. But it doesn\u2019t ensure comprehensive coverage of particular forms of racism in Canada.<\/p>\n

The province\u2019s\u00a0Kindergarten to Grade 12 Aboriginal Languages and Cultures Manitoba Curriculum Framework of Outcomes<\/a>\u00a0discusses teaching Indigenous language learning alongside teaching about residential schools in grades 9-12 and treaties in grades 5-8. But teaching Indigenous languages isn\u2019t mandatory, and is only done in some school contexts. The document encourages that \u201cspecific learning outcomes can \u2026 be integrated with other subject areas by other educators, Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal\u201d but the extent to which that may happen is unclear.<\/p>\n

In Grade 6, social studies learning outcomes include\u00a0the reserve system and its impacts<\/a>, treaties and Aboriginal rights in Canada from 1867 to the present.<\/p>\n

Schools can\u2019t do it alone<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Our educators are uniquely positioned to prepare young people as they transition from school to university. But let\u2019s understand that they can\u2019t do it alone.<\/p>\n

My search continues to explore ways to convince educators and broader communities to understand that as a society we are facing demands for new ways of forming relationships with young people, and new ways of teaching.<\/p>\n

One idea is to bring the discussion on extremism and radicalization into classrooms \u2014 this is something I have started doing from time to time in partnership with teachers.<\/p>\n

Communities are on the front line of activism and provide legitimate responses to conceptual dilemmas that often dog young people. A renewed relationship with teachers, adults and community leaders at large is needed based on trust and confidence.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Kawser Ahmed is an Instructor and SSHRC Post-Doctoral fellow at the Political Science department at the University of Winnipeg<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Late one afternoon this past summer, after leaving my Winnipeg office, I came across a poster that read: \u201cWhen the house of cards comes crashing down, we\u2019ll be ready. Will you join us?\u201d In the background of this poster, the bridge that connects St. Boniface\u00a0at the Forks\u00a0was visible, while in the foreground, a masked soldier […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":50618,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[350656],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-50617","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-change","tag-extremism"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCommunities can combat racism, hate and extremism with education - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/communities-can-combat-racism-hate-and-extremism-with-education\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Communities can combat racism, hate and extremism with education - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Late one afternoon this past summer, after leaving my Winnipeg office, I came across a poster that read: \u201cWhen the house of cards comes crashing down, we\u2019ll be ready. 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