{"id":50350,"date":"2019-12-06T11:31:56","date_gmt":"2019-12-06T19:31:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/world.edu\/?p=50350"},"modified":"2019-12-06T11:31:56","modified_gmt":"2019-12-06T19:31:56","slug":"chinese-students-top-the-pisa-rankings-but-some-shanghai-parents-are-turning-away-from-the-school-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/chinese-students-top-the-pisa-rankings-but-some-shanghai-parents-are-turning-away-from-the-school-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Chinese students top the PISA rankings, but some Shanghai parents are turning away from the school system"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/chinamiddleclass.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"354\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-50351\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/chinamiddleclass.jpg 680w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/chinamiddleclass-250x130.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><br \/>\nAustralian 15 year olds were around\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2019-12-03\/australia-education-results-maths-reading-science-getting-worse\/11760880\">three and a half years behind<\/a>\u00a0their counterparts in China in maths, according to the OECD\u2019s latest results for education systems around the world.<\/p>\n<p>The four cities of China (Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang) that participated in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/research.acer.edu.au\/ozpisa\/34\/\">topped the league tables<\/a>\u00a0in maths, science and reading.<\/p>\n<p>These four cities don\u2019t represent China as a whole, but their combined size is comparable to a typical OECD country. However, it\u2019s important to mention China\u2019s PISA results don\u2019t reflect the huge number of students living outside the big cities.<\/p>\n<p>Many Westerners believe Chinese students are superseding them because of their\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd-ilibrary.org\/docserver\/9789264190672-6-en.pdf?expires=1575593027&amp;id=id&amp;accname=guest&amp;checksum=96371FFF58012A748179911A21B7E540\">Confucian values<\/a>\u00a0which see students as hardworking, disciplined and therefore teachable.<\/p>\n<p>But my research into middle-class parents in Shanghai shows they find traditional schools too rigid. They want their children to be globally-minded and adopt values those schools don\u2019t focus on as much \u2013 like self-discovery and creativity.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>The hybrid education model<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>My two-year research involved interviews with a group of 46 middle-class Chinese parents in Shanghai.<\/p>\n<p>China\u2019s rapid social and economic transformation means it\u2019s fast becoming a middle-class nation with significant spending power. Only 4% of China was made up of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinausfocus.com\/2022\/wp-content\/uploads\/Part+02-Chapter+07.pdf\">middle-class urban households<\/a>\u00a0in 2000, but this is estimated to soar to 45% by 2022.<\/p>\n<p>I chose to interview these parents because they represent the recent shift in the educational landscape in Chinese cities. The parents I interviewed are\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.relocatemagazine.com\/articles\/education-schools-int-guide-apac-chinas-insatiable-appetite-for-a-western-education\">demanding a world-class education<\/a>\u00a0for their children. While academic achievement, such as that evidenced by PISA scores, is important to them, they all said the local Chinese school system was too rigid and exam-oriented.<\/p>\n<p>These parents are more accepting of a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lek.com\/insights\/sr\/ultimate-consumer-good-education-trends-china\">Western-style education<\/a>\u00a0because they believe it will give their children an \u201cedge\u201d and grant them access to international opportunities.<\/p>\n<p>They have enrolled their kids in what are called \u201chybrid\u201d or \u201cEast-meets-West\u201d schools. Here, Chinese students learn subjects such as maths, Chinese language and values education from local teachers. But they also study for the International Baccalaureate or the General Certificate of Education at Advanced-Level (the higher school certificate in the UK).<\/p>\n<p>Subjects such as English, arts, music, physical education and philosophy within these curricula are taught by Western expatriate teachers and Chinese bilingual teachers.<\/p>\n<p>The parents who send their children to such schools also value extra-curricular activities and overseas holiday study tours for their children. These extra curriculum activities aren\u2019t just \u201ccram school\u201d. They include drama, dance, singing, sports, and learning one or two musical instruments.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>What parents said<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>China\u2019s one-child policy (which ended in 2015) means parents feel more pressure for their child\u2019s success. The modern Chinese family has an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sixthtone.com\/news\/1000899\/chinas-modern-families-double-income-and-an-invisible-kid\">inverted family structure<\/a>, known as the \u201c4-2-1\u201d (four grandparents, two parents and one child).<\/p>\n<p>The Shanghai middle-class parents in my study were mostly single children themselves. This partly explains why education, and the desire to ensure their child has good job prospects, is so vital for them, as they support their elderly parents alone, and their children are expected to also.<\/p>\n<p>Still, the parents I interviewed placed more emphasis on developing their children\u2019s global mindsets and intercultural competence than just having them attain good academic results.<\/p>\n<p>Mrs Xuan told me her ten-year-old son\u2019s school \u201cexposed (him) to various Western teachers\u2019 way of speaking and communicating [\u2026] They have taught him how to communicate better and think differently\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>She said:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>I want to give my child different options that will allow him to see multiple perspectives and know how to find his own direction.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Another parent, Ms Ju, who owns a private business believes a \u201cgood\u201d education involves giving her 11-year-old daughter an opportunity to experience being \u201cunder-pressure, but not just at school.<\/p>\n<p>She told me:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>I don\u2019t want my child to just focus on doing well academically which is why [\u2026] she is playing piano competitively outside school so that she can learn how to manage her time and improve herself.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Professor Zheng, an engineering academic, talked about his experience of teaching an increasingly diverse university student cohort in his elite Chinese university.<\/p>\n<p>He believes his role is to prepare his son (who was eight years of old when I interviewed him) for a world that is becoming a &#8220;global village\u201d:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>My son and his generation will see the world differently from my parents and me because of the technological and economic advancements that he is now experiencing. [\u2026] Through travelling, he understands what cultural diversity is and gets to learn how to live in a globalised world.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Other\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/03050068.2017.1360566\">studies on Chinese parents<\/a>\u00a0who send their children to international schools have suggested they offer a haven for domestic students from the competitive and discriminatory features of the Chinese educational system.<\/p>\n<p>Education is more complex than what we see on the PISA chart. Shanghai parents\u2019 aspirations for their children show they are leaning towards the kind of educational system countries like Australia are known for.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Author Bio:<\/strong> Hannah Soong is a Senior Lecturer in Teacher Education Practice, School of Education at the University of South Australia<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Australian 15 year olds were around\u00a0three and a half years behind\u00a0their counterparts in China in maths, according to the OECD\u2019s latest results for education systems around the world. The four cities of China (Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang) that participated in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)\u00a0topped the league tables\u00a0in maths, science and reading. [&hellip;]\n&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/chinese-students-top-the-pisa-rankings-but-some-shanghai-parents-are-turning-away-from-the-school-system\/\" class=\"more\">learn more&rarr;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":50351,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[350635],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-50350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","tag-pisa"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Chinese students top the PISA rankings, but some Shanghai parents are turning away from the school system - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/chinese-students-top-the-pisa-rankings-but-some-shanghai-parents-are-turning-away-from-the-school-system\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chinese students top the PISA rankings, but some Shanghai parents are turning away from the school system - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Australian 15 year olds were around\u00a0three and a half years behind\u00a0their counterparts in China in maths, according to the OECD\u2019s latest results for education systems around the world. The four cities of China (Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang) that participated in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)\u00a0topped the league tables\u00a0in maths, science and reading. 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