{"id":49074,"date":"2019-08-16T13:43:22","date_gmt":"2019-08-16T20:43:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/world.edu\/?p=49074"},"modified":"2019-08-16T13:43:22","modified_gmt":"2019-08-16T20:43:22","slug":"silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\/","title":{"rendered":"Silicon Valley wants to read your mind \u2013 here\u2019s why you should be worried"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-49075\" src=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Neuralink.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Neuralink.jpg 680w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Neuralink-250x177.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Not content with monitoring almost\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/amazon-facebook-and-google-dont-need-to-spy-on-your-conversations-to-know-what-youre-talking-about-108792\">everything you do online<\/a>, Facebook now wants to read your mind as well. The social media giant recently announced\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/technology-49165713\">a breakthrough<\/a>\u00a0in its plan to create a device that reads people\u2019s brainwaves to allow them to type just by thinking. And Elon Musk wants to go even further. One of the Tesla boss\u2019s other companies, Neuralink, is\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2019\/jul\/17\/elon-musk-neuralink-brain-implants-mind-reading-artificial-intelligence\">developing a brain implant<\/a>\u00a0to connect people\u2019s minds directly to a computer.<\/p>\n<p>Musk admits that he\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2017\/06\/06\/elon-musk-says-this-science-fiction-classic-changed-his-life.html\">takes inspiration<\/a>\u00a0from science fiction, and that he wants to make sure humans can\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/technology\/2019\/07\/18\/elon-musks-quest-stop-ai-apocalypse-merging-man-machines\/\">\u201ckeep up\u201d with artificial intelligence<\/a>. He seems to have missed the part of sci-fi that acts as a warning for the implications of technology.<\/p>\n<p>These mind-reading systems could affect our privacy, security, identity, equality and personal safety. Do we really want all that left to companies with philosophies such as that of Facebook\u2019s former mantra, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/mashable.com\/2014\/04\/30\/facebooks-new-mantra-move-fast-with-stability\/?europe=true\">move fast and break things<\/a>\u201d?<\/p>\n<p>Though they sound futuristic, the technologies needed to make brainwave-reading devices are not that dissimilar to the standard MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and EEG (electroencephalography) neuroscience tools used in hospitals all over the world. You can already buy a kit to control a drone\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/newatlas.com\/udrone-mind-controlled-drone-umind-review\/58791\/\">with your mind<\/a>, so using one to type out words is, in some ways, not that much of a leap. The advance will likely be due to the use of machine learning to sift through huge quantities of data collected from our brains and find the patterns in neuron activity that link thoughts to specific words.<\/p>\n<p>A brain implant is likely to take a lot longer to develop, and it\u2019s important to separate out the actual\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/703801v2.full\">achievements of Neuralink<\/a>\u00a0from media hype and promotion. But Neuralink has made simultaneous improvements in materials for electrodes and robot-assisted surgery to implant them, packaging the technology neatly so it can be read via USB.<\/p>\n<p>Facebook and Neuralink\u2019s plans may build on established medical practice. But when companies are collecting thoughts directly from our brains, the ethical issues are very different.<\/p>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kPGa_FuGPIc\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Any system that could collect data directly from our brains has clear privacy risks. Privacy is about consent. But it is very difficult to give proper consent if someone is tapping directly into our thoughts. Silicon Valley companies (and governments) already\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2017\/11\/20\/what-does-google-know-about-me.html\">surreptitiously gather<\/a>\u00a0as much data on us as they can and use it in ways we\u2019d\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2019\/jul\/26\/apple-contractors-regularly-hear-confidential-details-on-siri-recordings\">rather they didn\u2019t<\/a>. How sure can we be that our random and personal thoughts won\u2019t be captured and studied alongside the instructions we want to give the technology?<\/p>\n<h4>Discrimination and manipulation<\/h4>\n<p>One of the existing ethical issues with data gathering\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/its-not-big-data-that-discriminates-its-the-people-that-use-it-55591\">is discrimination<\/a>based on attributes such as gender or race that can be discerned from the data. Providing a window into people\u2019s minds could make it easier to determine other things that might form the basis of prejudice, such as sexuality or political ideology, or even different ways of thinking that might include things like autism.<\/p>\n<p>With a system that taps directly into your brain, not only could your thoughts be stolen, but it\u2019s also possible they could be manipulated as well. Brain stimulation is already being developed to help\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/focus\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/45\/2\/article-pE17.xml\">treat PTSD<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/science\/2018\/jul\/02\/electrical-brain-stimulation-may-help-reduce-violent-in-future-study\">reduce violence<\/a>. There are even sensational claims that it can be used to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/science\/matrix-instant-learning-knowledge-upload-flying-science-a6905996.html\">upload knowledge directly<\/a>\u00a0just like in the film The Matrix.<\/p>\n<p>A predictable step would be to combine the \u201cin\u201d and \u201cout\u201d technologies for a two-way brain-computer interface. The potential for governments to make us more compliant, for employers to force us to work harder, or for companies to make us want more of their products underlines just how seriously we should take this technology.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_49076\" style=\"width: 690px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-49076\" class=\"size-full wp-image-49076\" src=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/brainwavereading.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/brainwavereading.jpg 680w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/brainwavereading-250x188.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-49076\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Facebook\u2019s prototype brainwave-reading device. Facebook<\/p><\/div>\n<p>If mind-reading devices become the normal way to interact with computers, we may end up with little choice but to use them in order to keep up with more productive colleagues. (Imagine someone today applying for an office job but refusing to use email.) And if Neuralink-style implants become the norm, this could also lead to greater inequality determined by what level of kit you could afford to have installed.<\/p>\n<p>Elon Musk\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/mach\/tech\/elon-musk-wants-hook-your-brain-directly-computers-starting-next-ncna1030631\">has stated<\/a>\u00a0that the enormous loan required to afford Neuralink surgery would be offset by potential earnings for the \u201cenhanced\u201d. The idea of people feeling pressured to take on huge debts to have surgery just to keep their job comes straight from a sci-fi dystopia.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">yeah so the guy that likes to publicly test driverless cars without any regulation is going to start fucking around with people&#8217;s brains &#8216;by the end of next year&#8217; cool cool <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/9AGJQuZfGs\">https:\/\/t.co\/9AGJQuZfGs<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Tim Maughan (@timmaughan) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/timmaughan\/status\/1151494048869421056?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 17, 2019<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>On top of all this is the more direct physical threat of having systems physically intruding on our brains. While some people may want to modify their brain with a computer interface (there are already plenty of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-dangers-of-biohacking-experiments-and-how-it-could-harm-your-health-100542\">experimental biohackers<\/a>), to roll this out on a large scale would require massive and thorough testing.<\/p>\n<p>Given Silicon Valley\u2019s reputation (and penchant) for breaking things rather than stopping to think them through, these systems will need close regulation and ethical review even\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2019-07-17\/elon-musk-s-neuralink-says-it-s-ready-to-begin-brain-surgery\">before testing begins<\/a>. Otherwise it risks creating mutilated human guinea pigs.<\/p>\n<p>For all this, there could be huge advantages to continuing research in this area, particularly for those suffering from paralysis or sensory impairment. But Silicon Valley should not be able to dictate the way these technologies are developed and deployed. If they do, it may radically reshape the way we identify as human.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Author Bio:<\/strong> Garfield Benjamin is a Postdoctoral Researcher, School of Media Arts and Technology at Solent University<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Not content with monitoring almost\u00a0everything you do online, Facebook now wants to read your mind as well. The social media giant recently announced\u00a0a breakthrough\u00a0in its plan to create a device that reads people\u2019s brainwaves to allow them to type just by thinking. And Elon Musk wants to go even further. One of the Tesla boss\u2019s [&hellip;]\n&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\/\" class=\"more\">learn more&rarr;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":49075,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[295369],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-49074","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-change","tag-reading-peoples-brainwaves"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Silicon Valley wants to read your mind \u2013 here\u2019s why you should be worried - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Silicon Valley wants to read your mind \u2013 here\u2019s why you should be worried - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Not content with monitoring almost\u00a0everything you do online, Facebook now wants to read your mind as well. The social media giant recently announced\u00a0a breakthrough\u00a0in its plan to create a device that reads people\u2019s brainwaves to allow them to type just by thinking. And Elon Musk wants to go even further. One of the Tesla boss\u2019s [&hellip;]\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-08-16T20:43:22+00:00\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Neuralink.jpg\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"680\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"481\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kevin\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Kevin\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Kevin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/42c1c1d5ff7ffbdf0bd50ed94c6ae6ee\"},\"headline\":\"Silicon Valley wants to read your mind \u2013 here\u2019s why you should be worried\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-08-16T20:43:22+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":954,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/Neuralink.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"reading people\u2019s brainwaves\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Social Change\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/\",\"name\":\"Silicon Valley wants to read your mind \u2013 here\u2019s why you should be worried - World leading higher education information and services\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/Neuralink.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-08-16T20:43:22+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/42c1c1d5ff7ffbdf0bd50ed94c6ae6ee\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/Neuralink.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/Neuralink.jpg\",\"width\":680,\"height\":481},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/silicon-valley-wants-to-read-your-mind-heres-why-you-should-be-worried\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Silicon Valley wants to read your mind \u2013 here\u2019s why you should be worried\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/\",\"name\":\"World leading higher education information and services\",\"description\":\"Global Higher Education Jobs, University jobs, Lecturer &amp; 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