{"id":47778,"date":"2019-05-03T14:16:52","date_gmt":"2019-05-03T21:16:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/world.edu\/?p=47778"},"modified":"2021-02-05T12:05:37","modified_gmt":"2021-02-05T20:05:37","slug":"urban-greening-can-save-species-cool-warming-cities-and-make-us-happ","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/urban-greening-can-save-species-cool-warming-cities-and-make-us-happ\/","title":{"rendered":"Urban greening can save species, cool warming cities, and make us happy"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"
\nThe current climate and ecological crisis demands a\u00a0radical redesign<\/a>\u00a0of how we live and organise our societies. Yet these urgent changes, though complex, are far from impossible.<\/p>\n

Some of them are simple, beautiful, and beneficial to all. By greening our cities with street trees, urban parks, and community and rooftop gardens, we can\u00a0keep ourselves cool<\/a>\u00a0amid rising temperatures, reverse the\u00a0steady erosion<\/a>\u00a0of the rich tapestry of life on Earth, and foster happiness and social connection in the process.<\/p>\n

It is widely known that greenery in urban spaces helps improve city microclimates. Thanks to heat generated by traffic and industrial activity, as well as the spread of heat-trapping concrete buildings that have steadily replaced plant life, urban air temperature is often higher than in rural environments. Hotter cities compel urban denizens to opt for air conditioners in order to stay cool, which further strains energy demands and worsens the\u00a0urban heat island effect<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Plants can\u00a0help cool cities<\/a>\u00a0through the water that\u00a0evaporates<\/a>\u00a0from their leaves when exposed to the sun\u2019s rays, and by shading surfaces that otherwise might have absorbed heat.\u00a0Research<\/a>\u00a0has found that on a sunny day, a single healthy tree can have the cooling power of more than ten air-conditioning units.<\/p>\n

Plants also help keep\u00a0harmful pollutants<\/a>\u00a0such as\u00a0microscopic particulate matter<\/a>\u00a0at bay through a complex process known as\u00a0dry deposition<\/a>, whereby particles penetrate and become trapped in the wax or cuticles of leaves. Although banning or at least\u00a0restricting vehicle use<\/a>\u00a0in city centres is crucial, mass greening can further reduce pollution and keep cities cool in the increasingly scorching summers that lie ahead.
\n

\"\"

Street trees at their best in Bonn, Germany. Majonit\/Shutterstock<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n

Urban greenery wouldn\u2019t just help lessen the impacts of climate change and improve air quality.\u00a0Evidence<\/a>\u00a0from a range of disciplines has uncovered numerous social, psychological, and health benefits of human exposure to green spaces. These include\u00a0stress and anxiety reduction<\/a>,\u00a0improved cognitive functioning<\/a>,\u00a0lowered risks of depression<\/a>, and overall greater mental and physical wellbeing<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Others<\/a>\u00a0have shown how involvement in community gardening can increase social cohesion and social bonds among participants and the wider community, in addition to providing local and affordable food sources.<\/p>\n

The Japanese preventative healthcare practice of\u00a0Shinrin-yoku<\/a>, or \u201cforest bathing\u201d, is modelled on a recognition of the many benefits of immersion in natural spaces. We\u2019re not yet sure why we seem happiest and healthiest when we\u2019re surrounded by our fellow lifeforms. But the universality and antiquity of our appreciation for nature suggests that our\u00a0biophilia<\/a>\u00a0may originate from the millions of years humans and plants spent co-evolving in close contact with each other.<\/p>\n

Perhaps most importantly, greening and rewilding our cities can offer vital refuges for rapidly vanishing biodiversity. Human socioeconomic activities, especially those of the\u00a0world\u2019s rich<\/a>, have\u00a0destroyed natural habitats<\/a>, consumed\u00a0vast tracts of forest<\/a>,\u00a0polluted waterways<\/a>, and disrupted the\u00a0seasonal rhythms<\/a>\u00a0on which life depends. In the midst of the\u00a0sixth mass extinction<\/a>, many species are increasingly finding themselves with nowhere to go.<\/p>\n

Urban rewilding<\/a>\u00a0can help the complex natural communities and\u00a0processes<\/a>\u00a0that are essential for all life to flourish once again. For example, establishing wild meadows and native plant and tree communities\u00a0provides pollinators<\/a>\u00a0and other threatened animals with new spaces to thrive, while creating spaces to reintroduce\u00a0keystone species<\/a>, whose presence is crucial for maintaining ecosystem diversity.<\/p>\n

Towards a thriving future<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The mass greening and rewilding of our cities is no novel or abstract ideal. It is already happening in many urban spaces\u00a0around the world<\/a>. The mayor of Paris has ambitious plans to\u00a0\u201cgreen\u201d 100 hectares<\/a>\u00a0of the city by 2020. London mayor Sadiq Khan hopes to make London the world\u2019s first \u201cNational Park City\u201d through mass tree planting and park restoration, greening\u00a0more than half of the capital<\/a>\u00a0by 2050.
\n

\"\"

Parkroyal has been lauded for its unique \u2018hotel-in-a-garden\u2019 architecture. Ariyaphol Jiwalak\/Shutterstock<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n

Singapore, a partner city in the\u00a0Biophilic Cities Network<\/a>, is a\u00a0shining example<\/a>\u00a0of how to incorporate \u201cnature\u201d into building and city designs. The\u00a0Parkroyal on Pickering Hotel<\/a>, for instance, is shrouded in thickly forested terraces and sky gardens that are inhabited by local insects and birds.<\/p>\n

More cities need to follow the lead of these forward-thinking designs and initiatives. Alongside these efforts, educational programmes, such as Singapore\u2019s\u00a0Community in Nature initiative<\/a>, could also be put in place to help the public learn about, respect, and appreciate wild spaces.<\/p>\n

Of course, urban greening alone will not be enough to meet the daunting challenges ahead. We also need to fundamentally transform our\u00a0growth-oriented economies<\/a>\u00a0and massively\u00a0reduce global inequality<\/a>. But giving some new life to our cities would be a great start. And it wouldn\u2019t just benefit people but, crucially, other species as well. This is their home, too, and they deserve a more viable future.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Heather Alberro is an Associate Lecturer\/PhD Candidate in Political Ecology at Nottingham Trent University<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The current climate and ecological crisis demands a\u00a0radical redesign\u00a0of how we live and organise our societies. Yet these urgent changes, though complex, are far from impossible. Some of them are simple, beautiful, and beneficial to all. By greening our cities with street trees, urban parks, and community and rooftop gardens, we can\u00a0keep ourselves cool\u00a0amid rising […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":47779,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[128],"tags":[],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-47778","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUrban greening can save species, cool warming cities, and make us happy - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/urban-greening-can-save-species-cool-warming-cities-and-make-us-happ\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Urban greening can save species, cool warming cities, and make us happy - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The current climate and ecological crisis demands a\u00a0radical redesign\u00a0of how we live and organise our societies. 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