{"id":47534,"date":"2019-04-18T12:57:13","date_gmt":"2019-04-18T19:57:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/world.edu\/?p=47534"},"modified":"2019-04-18T12:57:13","modified_gmt":"2019-04-18T19:57:13","slug":"digital-has-brought-new-and-informal-ways-of-learning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/digital-has-brought-new-and-informal-ways-of-learning\/","title":{"rendered":"Digital has brought new and informal ways of learning"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\nView a video tutorial on YouTube or an online dictionary, work on English in public transport thanks to a dedicated application … To develop their skills, professionals are increasingly using these modes of informal digital learning.\u00a0This is shown by two studies conducted by the [HRM Digital Lab] of the Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com Business School, with a representative sample of 1,000 employees in France.<\/span><\/p>\n

According to the 2016 Kantar TNS study, just over one in two employees used informal digital learning to develop their skills at work.\u00a0A second study administered by OpinionWay in 2018 showed that today this figure is just over [\u00a0<\/span>60% of assets<\/span><\/a>\u00a0].<\/span><\/p>\n

Basic needs<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

It is not new that employees train themselves on a daily basis, by observing their colleagues or managers, reading professional journals, interacting with their peers … This set of learning behaviors has begun to be studied and formalized in the 1950s in the wake of\u00a0<\/span>Knowles<\/span><\/a>\u00a0, considered the father of andragogy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Formed from the ancient Greek words andros (\u1f00\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u1f40\u03c2), which means “man” (in the sense of mature man, and by extension of the adult human being, not gendered), and agogos (\u1f00\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2), which means ” guide “, this term refers to the acquisition of knowledge as an adult.<\/span><\/p>\n

As early as the 1960s,\u00a0<\/span>Bandura<\/span><\/a>\u00a0explored the phenomena of mimicry, where individuals learn by observing or listening to others, considered as “role models” or “point formators”.\u00a0Then, in 1996, three researchers, Morgan McCall, Robert W. Eichinger and Michael M. Lombardo, of the Center for Creative Leadership (North Carolina, USA) demonstrated, based on a study of 200 executives, that the individual learns throughout his life and in various ways.<\/span><\/p>\n

In this study, traditional (off-the-job learning) and formal learning situations (ie official and \/ or certifying training channels) account for only 10% of the learning time, compared with 90% for informal learning times, more instant and disorganized.<\/span><\/p>\n

At a time when the obsolescence of skills is growing rapidly,\u00a0<\/span>informal learning is<\/span><\/a>\u00a0becoming crucial for employees and professionals so that they can remain effective at work.\u00a0The study conducted by Kelley shows that the share of knowledge stored in memory and necessary for professional action is estimated by workers in constant decline: 75% in 1986, 20% in 1997, then 10% in 2006.<\/span><\/p>\n

A culture of lifelong learning or lifelong learning is gradually coming into competition with the old culture of training.<\/span><\/p>\n

In an interconnected world, opportunities for informal learning are also multiplied.\u00a0The tools have imposed a large-scale metamorphosis that goes from the office neighbor to the 4 billion Internet users, the book borrowed from the 30 million articles created in more than 280 languages \u200b\u200bon Wikipedia, through the 2 million entries on the French MOOC platform FUN.<\/span><\/p>\n

New modalities<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

Through two case studies, we analyzed this reality with consultants, auditors, and professionals practicing in liberal, identified the factors of recourse to these practices, and highlighted\u00a0<\/span>four informal modes<\/span><\/a>\u00a0of digital learning:<\/span><\/p>\n