{"id":47064,"date":"2019-03-01T12:28:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-01T20:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/world.edu\/?p=47064"},"modified":"2019-03-01T17:37:32","modified_gmt":"2019-03-02T01:37:32","slug":"why-congress-needs-to-make-child-care-more-affordable-5-questions-answered","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/why-congress-needs-to-make-child-care-more-affordable-5-questions-answered\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Congress needs to make child care more affordable \u2013 5 questions answered"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/childcare.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"454\" class=\"size-full wp-image-47065\" srcset=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/childcare.jpg 680w, https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/childcare-250x167.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><br \/>\n<em>Sen. Patty Murray, D-Wash., and U.S. Rep. Bobby Scott, D-Va., recently reintroduced their Child Care for Working Families Act \u2013 a bill they say will \u201censure affordable, high-quality child care for working middle class families and those living paycheck to paycheck.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.american.edu\/spa\/faculty\/morrisse.cfm\">Taryn Morrissey<\/a>, author of \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.russellsage.org\/publications\/cradle-kindergarten\">Cradle to Kindergarten: A New Plan to Combat Inequality<\/a>,\u201d and a former senior adviser on early childhood policy during the Obama administration, explains how far the bill would go in achieving that goal \u2013 and also whether it has a chance of passing.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. How big of a deal is this bill and why?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s a big deal because in 2016,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nces.ed.gov\/programs\/coe\/indicator_tca.asp\">about 60 percent<\/a>\u00a0of kids under age 6 were in some type of nonparental child care if they weren\u2019t in kindergarten.<\/p>\n<p>The Child Care for Working Families Act would enhance our existing\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.acf.hhs.gov\/occ\/fact-sheet-occ\">public child care subsidy program<\/a>\u00a0by nearly\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.help.senate.gov\/imo\/media\/doc\/CCFWFA%20Fact%20Sheet%20116th%20Congress%20FINAL.pdf\">doubling<\/a>\u00a0the number of children eligible. In 2012,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/aspe.hhs.gov\/system\/files\/pdf\/153591\/ChildEligibility.pdf\">14.2 million<\/a>\u00a0children were eligible for child care subsidies under federal rules.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s important to point out that child care is more than a place for children to spend time while their parents work. Child care should also provide opportunities for children to learn. If teachers are well-trained and adequately paid, and provide enriching experiences and activities, early education can have\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/articles?id=10.1257\/app.1.3.111\">lasting<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/events\/pre-k-consensus\/\">positive impacts<\/a>\u00a0on children\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/cdev.12099\">educational<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/343\/6178\/1478\">health<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/articles?id=10.1257\/aer.97.2.31\">economic outcomes<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, much of the care families use today is of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nces.ed.gov\/pubs2006\/2006043.pdf\">low or mediocre quality<\/a>. High-quality care is\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.russellsage.org\/publications\/cradle-kindergarten\">more expensive than most parents can afford<\/a>. Child care expenditures make up about\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.census.gov\/prod\/2013pubs\/p70-135.pdf\">11 percent<\/a>\u00a0of families\u2019 annual income, but that reflects families\u2019 use of a mix of licensed centers or child care homes and informal arrangements with friends or relatives.<\/p>\n<p>If a family wants to use center-based care for an infant, that costs much more \u2013 a whopping\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cdn2.hubspot.net\/hubfs\/3957809\/costofcare2018.pdf?__hstc=&amp;__hssc=&amp;hsCtaTracking=b4367fa6-f3b9-4e6c-acf4-b5d01d0dc570%7C94d3f065-e4fc-4250-a163-bafc3defaf20\">27 percent of median income for single-parent households<\/a>. And in most regions of the U.S., families with young children are\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cdn2.hubspot.net\/hubfs\/3957809\/costofcare2018.pdf?__hstc=&amp;__hssc=&amp;hsCtaTracking=b4367fa6-f3b9-4e6c-acf4-b5d01d0dc570%7C94d3f065-e4fc-4250-a163-bafc3defaf20\">spending more on child care<\/a>\u00a0than they are on housing, food or health care.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Will working families and the poor be able to feel or see the difference? If so, how?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Yes, parents with young children \u2013 and who are typically earning\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.demos.org\/publication\/parent-trap-economic-insecurity-families-young-children\">less now<\/a>\u00a0than they will when they are further along in their careers \u2013 would have more money for housing, health care and the many other expenses that come with raising children. Further, if they choose, parents who left the workforce due to the high costs of child care will be able to return to work without having to spend a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanprogress.org\/issues\/early-childhood\/reports\/2016\/06\/21\/139731\/calculating-the-hidden-cost-of-interrupting-a-career-for-child-care\/\">sizable portion<\/a>\u00a0of their paychecks on child care.<\/p>\n<p>Families with infants and toddlers will likely find it easier to find and pay for child care. High-quality infant-toddler care is currently\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanprogress.org\/issues\/early-childhood\/reports\/2018\/11\/15\/460970\/understanding-true-cost-child-care-infants-toddlers\/\">very expensive and hard to find<\/a>, even though it\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nap.edu\/catalog\/9824\/from-neurons-to-neighborhoods-the-science-of-early-childhood-development\">important for children\u2019s development<\/a>. The bill will also provide funds for states to expand their preschool programs for 3- and 4-year-old children.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Making child care affordable is one thing. Providing quality child care is another. Can this bill really do both?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Yes, and one of the ways it will do that is by increasing workforce training and pay.<\/p>\n<p>In 2013, child care teachers\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/cscce.berkeley.edu\/files\/2014\/ReportFINAL.pdf\">earned US$10.33<\/a>\u00a0per hour, compared to $15.11 and $25.40 per hour for preschool teachers and kindergarten teachers, respectively. Consequently, 40 percent of child care workers\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/cscce.berkeley.edu\/files\/2014\/ReportFINAL.pdf\">rely on public assistance<\/a>\u00a0at some point in their careers.<\/p>\n<p>It should come as little surprise that\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/cscce.berkeley.edu\/files\/2014\/ReportFINAL.pdf\">turnover rates<\/a>\u00a0among preschool and child care teachers are high. This turnover is associated with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/appam.confex.com\/appam\/2018\/webprogram\/Paper27153.html\">poorer child outcomes<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>More skilled and consistent caregivers will translate to higher-quality early learning experiences.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Where will this bill place America among other advanced nations in terms of providing affordable child care?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If passed, America\u2019s spending on early childhood education would be closer to those of our peer nations. For instance, in 2013, the United States spent less than\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/els\/soc\/PF3_1_Public_spending_on_childcare_and_early_education.pdf\">0.5 percent<\/a>\u00a0of GDP on early childhood education, while France, New Zealand and the Nordic countries spent more than\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/els\/soc\/PF3_1_Public_spending_on_childcare_and_early_education.pdf\">1 percent of GDP<\/a>. The average for nations in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, or OECD, is 0.8 percent.<\/p>\n<p>Research has shown that high-quality early learning experiences\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.russellsage.org\/publications\/cradle-kindergarten\">promote children\u2019s school readiness<\/a>. Children who don\u2019t have these experiences fall behind early and have a more difficult time\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.russellsage.org\/publications\/whither-opportunity\">catching up<\/a>. Expanding access to early educational experiences would promote America\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/entry\/want-to-make-america-great-again-make-our-kids-globally-competitive_us_58f9fb95e4b018a9ce5a5d75\">global competitiveness<\/a>\u00a0by ensuring that young children are best prepared for school their first day of kindergarten.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. How much will this bill cost and how likely is this bill to become law?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>No public cost analyses have been done. The bill itself appropriates $20 billion in fiscal 2020, $30 billion in fiscal 2021, and $40 billion in fiscal 2022, and whatever is needed after that for child care subsidy expansions.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, this bill is unlikely to become law \u2013 at least anytime in the next two years. Although the Trump administration has supported\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2017-02-23\/ivanka-trump-is-pushing-her-500-billion-child-care-plan-on-hill\">child care<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2019\/02\/13\/politics\/ivanka-trump-paid-family-leave\/index.html\">paid family leave<\/a>\u00a0policies, independent\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.taxpolicycenter.org\/sites\/default\/files\/publication\/138781\/2001170-who-benefits-from-president-trumps-child-care-proposals.pdf\">analyses<\/a>\u00a0indicate their proposals would do little to help low- and middle-income families. The child care subsidy program received a substantial\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ffyf.org\/congress-passes-historic-funding-increases-federal-early-learning-care-programs\/\">boost in funding<\/a>following the bipartisan budget deal in February 2018, but Congress has not acted on other early childhood policy proposals.<\/p>\n<p>In the absence of federal action, cities and states like the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/lims.dccouncil.us\/Legislation\/B22-0203\">District of Columbia<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vcstar.com\/story\/news\/2019\/01\/06\/newsom-propose-nearly-2-billion-early-childhood-programs\/2470300002\/\">California<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ktvz.com\/news\/governor-state-agencies-unveil-early-learning-plan\/1002533536\">Oregon<\/a>\u00a0are passing or considering sweeping improvements to their early childhood systems.<\/p>\n<p>These state and local efforts, the Child Care for Working Families Act and other proposals, such as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@teamwarren\/my-plan-for-universal-child-care-762535e6c20a\">Sen. Elizabeth Warren\u2019s child care plan<\/a>, would help\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.russellsage.org\/publications\/cradle-kindergarten'\">reduce inequality<\/a>\u00a0in the short term by putting more money in the hands of families struggling to make ends meet. In the long term, these efforts will help better prepare America\u2019s children for the workforce of tomorrow.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sen. Patty Murray, D-Wash., and U.S. Rep. Bobby Scott, D-Va., recently reintroduced their Child Care for Working Families Act \u2013 a bill they say will \u201censure affordable, high-quality child care for working middle class families and those living paycheck to paycheck.\u201d Taryn Morrissey, author of \u201cCradle to Kindergarten: A New Plan to Combat Inequality,\u201d and [&hellip;]\n&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/why-congress-needs-to-make-child-care-more-affordable-5-questions-answered\/\" class=\"more\">learn more&rarr;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":47065,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[185177],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-47064","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","tag-child-care"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Why Congress needs to make child care more affordable \u2013 5 questions answered - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/why-congress-needs-to-make-child-care-more-affordable-5-questions-answered\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why Congress needs to make child care more affordable \u2013 5 questions answered - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sen. Patty Murray, D-Wash., and U.S. Rep. Bobby Scott, D-Va., recently reintroduced their Child Care for Working Families Act \u2013 a bill they say will \u201censure affordable, high-quality child care for working middle class families and those living paycheck to paycheck.\u201d Taryn Morrissey, author of \u201cCradle to Kindergarten: A New Plan to Combat Inequality,\u201d and [&hellip;]\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/why-congress-needs-to-make-child-care-more-affordable-5-questions-answered\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-03-01T20:28:00+00:00\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-03-02T01:37:32+00:00\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/childcare.jpg\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"680\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"454\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kevin\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Kevin\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/why-congress-needs-to-make-child-care-more-affordable-5-questions-answered\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/why-congress-needs-to-make-child-care-more-affordable-5-questions-answered\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Kevin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/42c1c1d5ff7ffbdf0bd50ed94c6ae6ee\"},\"headline\":\"Why Congress needs to make child care more affordable \u2013 5 questions answered\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-03-01T20:28:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-03-02T01:37:32+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/why-congress-needs-to-make-child-care-more-affordable-5-questions-answered\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":954,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/why-congress-needs-to-make-child-care-more-affordable-5-questions-answered\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/03\\\/childcare.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"child care\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Education\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/why-congress-needs-to-make-child-care-more-affordable-5-questions-answered\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/why-congress-needs-to-make-child-care-more-affordable-5-questions-answered\\\/\",\"name\":\"Why Congress needs to make child care more affordable \u2013 5 questions answered - 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