{"id":46244,"date":"2018-12-10T11:30:20","date_gmt":"2018-12-10T19:30:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/world.edu\/?p=46244"},"modified":"2018-12-10T11:30:20","modified_gmt":"2018-12-10T19:30:20","slug":"how-activists-are-fighting-racial-disparities-in-school-discipline","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/how-activists-are-fighting-racial-disparities-in-school-discipline\/","title":{"rendered":"How activists are fighting racial disparities in school discipline"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"
\nHarsh and racially disparate discipline practices are widespread in America\u2019s schools.<\/p>\n

Not so long ago in Texas, for instance,\u00a075 percent<\/a>\u00a0of black students had been suspended at some point in high school. For black males in Texas, 83 percent were suspended.<\/p>\n

Nationally, black students lost nearly\u00a0five times as many days of instruction<\/a>\u00a0due to out-of-school suspensions as white children. Meanwhile,\u00a01.7 million students<\/a>\u00a0attend schools with police officers but no counselors.<\/p>\n

As a\u00a0public policy scholar<\/a>\u00a0who focuses on education reform, community organizing and racial justice \u2013 and as I argue in my book,\u00a0\u201cLift Us Up, Don\u2019t Push Us Out\u201d<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 none of these staggering statistics will change unless there is a\u00a0new grassroots movement<\/a>\u00a0led by people of color.<\/p>\n

More specifically, I believe there needs to be an educational justice movement to build the power to transform the nation\u2019s public education system to provide a quality and equitable education for all.<\/p>\n

I speak not just as an observer, but as one who has actually collaborated with one of several organizations that are beginning to coalesce into a grassroots movement that is national in scope. That organization \u2013 the\u00a0Dignity in Schools Campaign<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 along with others like the\u00a0Alliance for Educational Justice<\/a>, the\u00a0Journey for Justice Alliance<\/a>, the\u00a0Alliance to Reclaim Our Schools<\/a>, are all fighting to end the racial disparities that beset school systems throughout the United States.<\/p>\n

Victories at the local level<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The new movement is creating important changes in districts across the country.<\/p>\n

For example, Zakiya Sankara-Jabar had to drop out of college when her 3-year-old son was repeatedly suspended and expelled from preschool in Dayton, Ohio. As she spoke with other black parents and did some research in her college library, Zakiya learned that her experience was not unusual. She co-founded\u00a0Racial Justice NOW!<\/a>\u00a0to organize other parents to advocate for change.<\/p>\n

The group joined the Dignity in Schools Campaign, which provided the new group with much needed support and resources \u2013 like a\u00a0model alternative code of student conduct<\/a>\u00a0to replace zero tolerance policies. It also provided training opportunities for parents to learn how to advocate for policy change.<\/p>\n

In a few short years, parents in Racial Justice NOW! achieved a\u00a0series of victories<\/a>. For instance, they won a moratorium on\u00a0pre-K to third-grade suspensions<\/a>\u00a0in Dayton schools. They also changed the district\u2019s code of conduct to\u00a0end zero tolerance policies<\/a>\u00a0and won the\u00a0implementation of restorative justice alternative programs<\/a>\u00a0in eight schools. Restorative justice approaches help schools get at the root causes of behavioral issues. Rather than punish and suspend, students and teachers gather in circles to discuss the harm caused by conflicts and attempt to restore relationships.
\n

\"\"

Using a restorative justice model, which includes teachers and students gathering in circles for discussions, seventh-graders at Ed White Middle School in San Antonio talk with school officials about a recent conflict in 2015. Three years after starting a restorative discipline program at the school, out-of-school suspensions have dropped by 72 percent, principal Philip Carney said, shown in the bottom right. Eric Gay\/AP<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n

Similar victories have taken place at large school districts elsewhere. For instance, a number of organizing groups working with youth of color in Los Angeles schools who faced repeated suspensions \u2013 often for minor misbehavior \u2013\u00a0formed the\u00a0Brothers, Sons, Selves Coalition<\/a>. The coalition led a campaign to lobby the Los Angeles Unified School District to adopt a\u00a0School Climate Bill of Rights<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Allies are crucial<\/strong><\/h4>\n

With allies like Board of Education member Monica Garcia, the bill passed in 2013 and ended suspensions for \u201cwillful defiance,\u201d an offense that is subjectively interpreted by teachers and affected by\u00a0racial bias<\/a>. As a result, the number days lost to out-of-school suspensions fell from\u00a0nearly 75,000 per 2007-2008 school year<\/a>\u00a0to just over\u00a05,000 by the 2016-17 school year<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The bill also supported\u00a0restorative justice programs<\/a>. Research has shown that\u00a0less punitive and more positive school climates<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 both chief aims of restorative justice \u2013 are tied to improving attendance rates, test scores, promotion rates and graduation rates.<\/p>\n

Teacher allies have proved critical to the movement\u2019s ability to implement restorative alternatives. Movement activists fear that restorative justice might fail if it is simply imposed on teachers without their buy-in or the resources to faithfully implement it.<\/p>\n

Teachers Unite<\/a>, a group of New York City public school teachers, lobbies their fellow teachers to change their \u201chearts and minds\u201d away from zero tolerance discipline and toward less punitive approaches such as restorative justice. At these schools, restorative justice is more than a \u201cprogram.\u201d It becomes a\u00a0true partnership<\/a>\u00a0with students, families and teachers to transform relationships and create positive school cultures that support student success.<\/p>\n

Larger problems loom<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Racial disparities in discipline aren\u2019t the only problems the movement must confront. Children from low-income communities of color attend schools that are\u00a0systematically underresourced<\/a>. These schools\u00a0often have less<\/a>\u00a0qualified teachers, larger class sizes and less challenging curriculum.<\/p>\n

Technical changes \u2013 like improvements to curriculum or teaching methods \u2013 can help in small ways but ultimately fail to address the\u00a0systemic nature<\/a>\u00a0of inequities in education.<\/p>\n

Changing those larger problems requires more services – like social-emotional supports and health care services located in community schools \u2013 and greater resources to lower teacher-student ratios, modernize school facilities and provide up-to-date classroom materials.<\/p>\n

The new educational justice movement faces challenges with the current administration as well. For instance, the Trump administration is\u00a0contemplating withdrawing<\/a>\u00a0federal guidance that warns school districts against zero tolerance discipline policy.<\/p>\n

Yet the movement\u2019s strong local base continues to create change at district and even state levels where the majority of education policy is determined and funded. Public education remains vital to the promise of\u00a0American democracy<\/a>: It profoundly shapes the\u00a0life opportunities<\/a>\u00a0of future generations. The new grassroots educational justice movement is working hard to make this promise a reality in the lives of children of color and their families.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Mark R Warren is a Professor of Public Policy and Public Affairs at the University of Massachusetts Boston<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Harsh and racially disparate discipline practices are widespread in America\u2019s schools. Not so long ago in Texas, for instance,\u00a075 percent\u00a0of black students had been suspended at some point in high school. For black males in Texas, 83 percent were suspended. Nationally, black students lost nearly\u00a0five times as many days of instruction\u00a0due to out-of-school suspensions as […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":46245,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[224526],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-46244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","tag-racially-disparate-discipline-practices"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow activists are fighting racial disparities in school discipline - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/how-activists-are-fighting-racial-disparities-in-school-discipline\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How activists are fighting racial disparities in school discipline - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Harsh and racially disparate discipline practices are widespread in America\u2019s schools. 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