{"id":45988,"date":"2018-11-15T12:10:01","date_gmt":"2018-11-15T20:10:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/world.edu\/?p=45988"},"modified":"2018-11-15T12:10:01","modified_gmt":"2018-11-15T20:10:01","slug":"theres-no-need-for-the-chicago-principles-in-australian-universities-to-protect-freedom-of-speech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/theres-no-need-for-the-chicago-principles-in-australian-universities-to-protect-freedom-of-speech\/","title":{"rendered":"There\u2019s no need for the \u2018Chicago principles\u2019 in Australian universities to protect freedom of speech"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"
\nThis week the government\u00a0asked<\/a>\u00a0former High Court Chief Justice Robert French to head an inquiry into free speech on universities. Education minister Dan Tehan\u00a0claimed<\/a>\u00a0it was because concerns had been raised about people shutting down the views of those they disagree with, and security costs for controversial speakers on campus.<\/p>\n

Universities are\u00a0accusing the minister<\/a>\u00a0of \u201cjumping to the wrong conclusions\u201d, based on misleading and selective media reports.<\/p>\n

Justice French is\u00a0being asked to review<\/a>\u00a0the \u201crules and regulations protecting freedom of speech on university campuses\u201d. This will include codes of conduct, enterprise agreements, policy statements and strategic plans. This is despite the fact\u00a0universities already protect<\/a>freedom of speech and, relatedly, academic freedom.<\/p>\n

The Minister suggested Australia could consider adopting an Australian version of the \u201cChicago statement\u201d. So what is the Chicago statement, and would Australian universities benefit from adopting it?<\/p>\n

The Chicago statement<\/strong><\/h4>\n

In 2014, the President (equivalent to the Vice Chancellor of an Australian university) of the University of Chicago convened a committee, chaired by highly acclaimed free speech scholar Professor Geoffrey Stone, to\u00a0draft a statement<\/a>\u00a0that would articulate the university\u2019s commitment to \u201cfree, robust, and uninhibited debate and deliberation\u201d.<\/p>\n

The university took this step in response to free speech controversies on university campuses in the United States. Examples include disinviting controversial speakers, pressure on faculty to make public apologies for statements some considered offensive, demands for the removal of historic statues or monuments, and the existence of campus speech codes which prohibit students from engaging in hate speech on the ground of race, sexuality, or gender.<\/p>\n

The\u00a0Chicago statement<\/a>\u00a0recognises free speech on campus as an issue that goes to the\u00a0core mission<\/a>\u00a0of the university as a place of learning. It defends free and open inquiry in all matters, and guarantees the broadest possible latitude to speak, write, listen, challenge, and learn.<\/p>\n

It also recognises that freedom of speech does not mean people can say whatever they want, wherever they want. It permits restrictions on speech that violates the law, is defamatory, threatens or harasses, invades privacy or confidentiality, or is incompatible with the functioning of a university.<\/p>\n

The statement is a well-articulated and clear enunciation of three things:<\/p>\n

1) the importance of freedom of speech to learning<\/p>\n

2) the recognition that free speech must have limits<\/p>\n

3) the articulation that any such limits must be carefully and narrowly circumscribed.<\/p>\n

As of February 2018 the Chicago statement had been\u00a0adopted by 34 other universities<\/a>\u00a0in the US. But this still leaves around 1,600 universities that have not signed up, possibly because their existing policies already support the same views.<\/p>\n

Do Australian universities need it?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Shortly before Justice French was invited by the government to conduct a review into free speech in Australian universities, he\u00a0gave a speech on the issue<\/a>.<\/p>\n

He recognised that even a detailed and prescriptive charter would not provide a framework in which difficult cases can be clearly and uncontroversially resolved. Nevertheless, he was open to the possibility of\u00a0legislative intervention<\/a>\u00a0to impose \u201cprotective rules\u201d.<\/p>\n

However, if the Chicago principles were to form the basis for any such legislative intervention, they would be unlikely to be of benefit in resolving the issues with which the minister appears to be concerned.<\/p>\n

This is for two reasons. First, Australian universities already protect free speech in accordance with principles very similar to those enunciated in the Chicago principles. All universities are\u00a0required by Australian law<\/a>\u00a0to uphold \u201cfree intellectual inquiry in relation to learning, teaching and research\u201d. Universities\u2019\u00a0codes of conduct<\/a>\u00a0already uphold the right of students to engage in critical and open inquiry.<\/p>\n

The second reason is that the Chicago principles recognise that free speech is not a reason for protecting unlawful conduct. Australia and the US have wildly different views on what constitutes unlawful speech-based conduct. Here, speech is able to be regulated to a far greater degree than in the US.<\/p>\n

This means that all the current, valid, restrictions on speech that exist in Australia would be untouched by applying the Chicago principles. For example, Australia possesses comprehensive anti-vilification laws\u00a0federally<\/a>, in every\u00a0state<\/a>\u00a0and in the\u00a0ACT<\/a>, which prohibit public hate speech. These would be unaffected.<\/p>\n

Applying the principles here would also make no difference to other\u00a0restrictions on speech<\/a>in Australia, such as laws barring journalists from reporting in certain instances, which present far greater risks to free speech than anything that\u2019s occurred on campus of late.<\/p>\n

This inquiry is expensive and unnecessary. There is no good evidence we have a problem with free speech on our campuses. Justice French\u2019s review will take four months. While we await the outcome, university staff will no doubt continue to uphold their existing commitments to robust and open debate in learning, teaching, research and engagement.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Katharine Gelber is a Professor of Politics and Public Policy at The University of Queensland<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This week the government\u00a0asked\u00a0former High Court Chief Justice Robert French to head an inquiry into free speech on universities. Education minister Dan Tehan\u00a0claimed\u00a0it was because concerns had been raised about people shutting down the views of those they disagree with, and security costs for controversial speakers on campus. Universities are\u00a0accusing the minister\u00a0of \u201cjumping to the […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":45989,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[13589],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-45988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-higher-education","tag-freedom-of-speech"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThere\u2019s no need for the \u2018Chicago principles\u2019 in Australian universities to protect freedom of speech - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/theres-no-need-for-the-chicago-principles-in-australian-universities-to-protect-freedom-of-speech\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"There\u2019s no need for the \u2018Chicago principles\u2019 in Australian universities to protect freedom of speech - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This week the government\u00a0asked\u00a0former High Court Chief Justice Robert French to head an inquiry into free speech on universities. 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