{"id":45546,"date":"2018-10-05T12:44:56","date_gmt":"2018-10-05T19:44:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/world.edu\/?p=45546"},"modified":"2018-10-05T12:44:56","modified_gmt":"2018-10-05T19:44:56","slug":"why-im-not-surprised-nobel-laureate-donna-strickland-isnt-a-full-professor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/why-im-not-surprised-nobel-laureate-donna-strickland-isnt-a-full-professor\/","title":{"rendered":"Why I\u2019m not surprised Nobel Laureate Donna Strickland isn\u2019t a full professor"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"
\nDonna Strickland, an associate professor at the University of Waterloo in Canada, was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in physics. The third woman to have ever been awarded this prize in 117 years, she shares it with Arthur Ashkin and G\u00e9rard Mourou.<\/p>\n

Strickland explained\u00a0that she\u2019s been treated as an equal by her male peers<\/a>, which does bring a ray of hope in a rather bleak time for women. Her experience is also different than that of many.<\/p>\n

Women make up 27 per cent of full professors in the academy as a whole, and in science, technology, engineering and math, that number is much lower. For\u00a0racialized and Indigenous women<\/a>\u00a0in all fields, the numbers go down even further.<\/p>\n

The rank of full professor offers more pay, more prestige and more opportunities to be selected for senior leadership roles within a university.<\/p>\n

As Kirsty Duncan, Canada\u2019s minister of science, explained in an opinion piece last summer,\u00a0sexism was a problem for her and still is a problem for women in universities<\/a>.<\/p>\n

A 2018 report<\/a>\u00a0from the Canadian Association of University Teachers also concluded that, despite talk by universities and colleges of a commitment to inclusive institutions, progress on equity has been exceptionally slow.<\/p>\n

The twins of sexism and racism<\/strong><\/h4>\n

The reasons why so few women get Nobel Prizes and achieve full professorship, and even fewer who are racialized or Indigenous do, are interconnected.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s the twins of sexism and racism. As\u00a0political scientist Malinda Smith<\/a>shows, there are a number of factors \u2014 she calls them the \u201cdirty dozen\u201d \u2014 that normalize gender and racial biases. This results in a tiny demographic (white, male) as the predictable winners in a rigged game.<\/p>\n

Examples of the \u201cdirty dozen\u201d include white male students receiving more opportunities to network. Then there are\u00a0the reference letters<\/a>. While female students might have better grades, it is more likely in letters of reference that their professors will talk about them as having potential or being hard workers, compared to white men who are cast as brilliant.<\/p>\n

On top of that, workload concerns leave women less time for research. For example, women, particularly if racialized or Indigenous, are\u00a0more likely to get sessional work<\/a>, with significantly lower pay scales, higher teaching loads and little time for research.<\/p>\n

Finally, tenure-track women are less likely to get competitive research funding, and when they do, they\u00a0often earn less money than men<\/a>.<\/p>\n

To become a full professor, one needs to apply and be evaluated by committees repeatedly \u2014 first for a tenure-track position, then for tenure and promotion \u2014 usually with an impressive portfolio of research funding and peer-reviewed publications. This is a portfolio that requires extensive research time, collaborations and support to achieve.<\/p>\n

Women scientists are victims of a systemic inequity that impacts us all.<\/p>\n

A reward system biased towards men<\/strong><\/h4>\n

I have just completed a research project on the role of the Nobel Prize in university rankings and the impact on equity. The study found that influential university rankings judge institutions based on the number of articles published by faculty and staff in top-ranked journals.<\/p>\n

It found that this reward system is biased towards men.<\/p>\n

Men\u00a0are more likely to publish other men<\/a>\u00a0in top-ranked health and\u00a0science<\/a>\u00a0journals. The role of sexism in terms of who gets published and what gets published isn\u2019t considered when deciding who and what is ranked as world-class.<\/p>\n

This can impact our health. For example, an abundance of studies demonstrate the bias against including women in health research, and\u00a0the harm to women\u2019s health when they are not included in all stages of research studies<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The majority of decision-makers who create or accept the metrics used to decide who and what is world-class are white and male \u2014 including ranking advisories, university leaders, top journal editors and adjudication committees for major awards. Sexism and racism are reinforced and normalized through these feedback loops.<\/p>\n

This Boys Club impacts women when they go up for promotion at research-intensive universities, because how they are deemed worthy or unworthy is largely based on how many publications they have in top-ranked journals, awards and, depending on the field, the research funding that they bring in.<\/p>\n

Science as the heroic man< <\/strong>\/h4>
\nAll the talk of equity over the last 30 years has really been a distraction from talking about how little progress has actually been made. Not because women, racialized and Indigenous scholars are less productive or doing less innovative work, but because of sexism and racism.<\/p>\n

As education scholar Annette Henry reminds us, it\u2019s also important to understand how issues intersect \u2014 white women might get in but we still need\u00a0to look at white privilege so racialized women have opportunities as well.<\/a><\/p>\n

Since 2003, 95 per cent of Nobel Prize winners with university appointments have been male. Yet the\u00a0Nobel Prize and Fields Medal in Math count for 30 per cent<\/a>\u00a0of how the influential\u00a0ARWU Rankings<\/a>determine which universities are \u201cworld class.\u201d<\/p>\n

By promoting and accepting this ranking as legitimate, universities reinforce a sexist and racist metric as the way to determine the quality of a university and what counts in the wider academic systems.<\/p>\n

The Nobel as an indicator of world-class research maintains the illusion that science is conducted by the heroic man and \u2014 very, very rarely \u2014 a woman. Men are represented as toiling away to make great discoveries.<\/p>\n

What is left out is the reality of science as a collaborative effort \u2014 with women most likely not receiving credit for their work. What is left out is that the Nobel is decided by a few men.<\/p>\n

White men decide who is world-class<\/strong><\/h4>\n

In the case of the Nobel,\u00a0a few (mainly Swedish and Norwegian) white men<\/a>\u00a0ultimately decide who is best in the fields of physics, medicine, chemistry, advocating for world peace and literature.<\/p>\n

Incidentally, this year the Nobel Prize for literature was\u00a0cancelled<\/a>\u00a0after the Swedish Academy announced it was investigating\u00a0allegations of sexual misconduct and other improprieties by the husband<\/a>\u00a0of a key member of the committee that awards the literature prize.<\/p>\n

The Nobel adjudication committees mirror society. Predominately white men decide on who and what is world class, and based on these decisions, who to invite into the club.<\/p>\n

Once in a while someone who isn\u2019t part of the demographic gets in, but the status quo remains intact.<\/p>\n

What Strickland achieved is impressive. But it isn\u2019t a sign that the patriarchy is being smashed.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Michelle Stack is an Associate Professor at the University of British Columbia<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Donna Strickland, an associate professor at the University of Waterloo in Canada, was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in physics. The third woman to have ever been awarded this prize in 117 years, she shares it with Arthur Ashkin and G\u00e9rard Mourou. Strickland explained\u00a0that she\u2019s been treated as an equal by her male peers, which […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":45547,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[224442],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-45546","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","tag-sexism-and-racism"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhy I\u2019m not surprised Nobel Laureate Donna Strickland isn\u2019t a full professor - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/why-im-not-surprised-nobel-laureate-donna-strickland-isnt-a-full-professor\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why I\u2019m not surprised Nobel Laureate Donna Strickland isn\u2019t a full professor - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Donna Strickland, an associate professor at the University of Waterloo in Canada, was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in physics. 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