{"id":45019,"date":"2018-08-24T13:40:08","date_gmt":"2018-08-24T20:40:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/world.edu\/?p=45019"},"modified":"2018-08-24T13:40:08","modified_gmt":"2018-08-24T20:40:08","slug":"how-to-beat-the-freshman-five-weight-gain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/how-to-beat-the-freshman-five-weight-gain\/","title":{"rendered":"How to beat the \u2018freshman five\u2019 weight gain"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

There is a widespread belief that a young adult\u2019s college years are accompanied by weight gain \u2014 the so called \u201cfreshman five.\u201d<\/p>\n

This is not just an urban myth.\u00a0Research shows that approximately 85 per cent of overweight adults were not overweight as youth<\/a>. And, by studying changes in fat mass during the period between 18 and 28 years of age, we have found that the weight gain does occur in this early adult time period.<\/p>\n

Indeed, the \u201cfreshman five\u201d may only be the tip of the iceberg. Fat mass increases beyond the years of college into the late 20s, even in those who were normal weight in high school.<\/p>\n

Fat mass, not muscle or bone< <\/strong>\/h4>
\nOver the past 20 years,\u00a0kinesiology professor Adam Baxter-Jones<\/a>\u00a0has been studying the growth and development of children\u2019s body composition using data from the\u00a0Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study (PBMAS)<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 a study that has followed the same individuals through their lives since 1991.<\/p>\n

As part of my PhD studies at the University of Saskatchewan, I have observed that approximately 90 per cent of the PBMAS participants were normal weight when they were aged nine to 15. Now in their 30s and 40s,\u00a0more than 60 per cent are classified as overweight<\/a>.<\/p>\n

We have found that females will gain one to five kilograms of body fat during young adulthood, while males will gain 1.5 to 10 kilograms on average.
\n

\"\"

University teams play quidditch, the game of Harry Potter books fame, at Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, B.C., Canada in 2014. (Shutterstock)<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n

Fat mass<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 \u2014 the \u201cstorage\u201d fat that is not needed for survival \u00a0 \u2014 has been shown to\u00a0account for much of the weight gained beyond late adolescence,<\/a>\u00a0rather than increases in muscle or bone mass. This is concerning because excess fat mass is\u00a0linked to myriad health risks such as cardiovascular disease<\/a>.<\/p>\n

We have also developed models that predict the age at which people are likely to become overweight. According to preliminary data, we estimate that normal-weight females will become overweight at approximately 14 years old, males at around 25.<\/p>\n

These predicted ages coincide with the\u00a0two-fold increase in Canadian overweight and obesity prevalence<\/a>\u00a0between the 18-19 year age group (22 per cent) and the 25-34 year age group (50 per cent).<\/p>\n

Excercise makes all the difference<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Physical activity has\u00a0well-documented health benefits<\/a>\u00a0and has a strong positive relationship with\u00a0healthy weight<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Emerging adulthood<\/a>, the time period between the latter teenage years and early adulthood (18-25 years), often coincides with decreasing physical activity, and\u00a0increasing time spent in sedentary<\/a>\u00a0behaviours.\u00a0Less than 20 per cent of individuals show stable levels of physical activity<\/a>\u00a0from childhood to adulthood.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s not surprising that we identified physical activity level as a\u00a0predictor of fat mass gains<\/a>during emerging adulthood.<\/p>\n

Specifically, meeting\u00a0physical activity recommendations<\/a>\u00a0for adults 18 years and over, versus not exercising during emerging adulthood, can result in an almost eight-kilogram difference in body fat by 28 years of age.<\/p>\n

While very few children meet physical activity recommendations, adults meeting those recommendations are even fewer. We advise students to be aware of their physical activity choices, ensuring that they are maintaining or increasing physical activity to meet guidelines and maintain normal weights.<\/p>\n

Healthy diet consultations<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Our research also underscores the importance of healthy body weight during childhood and adolescence. We have found that the amount of fat mass in childhood and adolescence is the strongest predictor of how much weight young adults gain.<\/p>\n

Males with higher fat mass as children and teenagers gained almost 25 kilograms more by age 28, while females with higher fat mass showed a 12-kilogram difference.<\/p>\n

Even within the \u201cnormal weight\u201d group of participants, findings suggest that the more fat you have as a child, the more fat you will gain later.<\/p>\n

The bottom line from our research is that keeping youth at healthy weights is important but will not prevent them from becoming overweight later in life.<\/p>\n

But we can do something about it. We need to create programs targeting children, adolescents and young adults to counteract adults\u2019 current level of obesity. Interventions such as physical activity programming and dietary consultations should focus on maintaining (or achieving) a healthy weight and healthy lifestyle during the transitional period from adolescence to adulthood.<\/p>\n

Parents, teachers and others need to be more deliberate in role-modelling and teaching children and youth how to incorporate regular physical activity into life as an adult.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong> Erin Barbour-Tuck is a PhD candidate with the College of Kinesiolgy at the University of Saskatchewan<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

There is a widespread belief that a young adult\u2019s college years are accompanied by weight gain \u2014 the so called \u201cfreshman five.\u201d This is not just an urban myth.\u00a0Research shows that approximately 85 per cent of overweight adults were not overweight as youth. And, by studying changes in fat mass during the period between 18 […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":45020,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15645],"tags":[4991],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-45019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","tag-health"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow to beat the \u2018freshman five\u2019 weight gain - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/how-to-beat-the-freshman-five-weight-gain\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to beat the \u2018freshman five\u2019 weight gain - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"There is a widespread belief that a young adult\u2019s college years are accompanied by weight gain \u2014 the so called \u201cfreshman five.\u201d This is not just an urban myth.\u00a0Research shows that approximately 85 per cent of overweight adults were not overweight as youth. And, by studying changes in fat mass during the period between 18 […]\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/how-to-beat-the-freshman-five-weight-gain\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-08-24T20:40:08+00:00\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Freshman.jpg\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"680\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"378\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kevin\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Kevin\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/how-to-beat-the-freshman-five-weight-gain\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/how-to-beat-the-freshman-five-weight-gain\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Kevin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/42c1c1d5ff7ffbdf0bd50ed94c6ae6ee\"},\"headline\":\"How to beat the \u2018freshman five\u2019 weight gain\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-08-24T20:40:08+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/how-to-beat-the-freshman-five-weight-gain\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":751,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/how-to-beat-the-freshman-five-weight-gain\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/08\\\/Freshman.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"health\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Education\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/how-to-beat-the-freshman-five-weight-gain\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/world.edu\\\/how-to-beat-the-freshman-five-weight-gain\\\/\",\"name\":\"How to beat the \u2018freshman five\u2019 weight gain - 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