{"id":41028,"date":"2017-10-23T14:10:44","date_gmt":"2017-10-23T21:10:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/world.edu\/?p=41028"},"modified":"2017-10-23T14:10:44","modified_gmt":"2017-10-23T21:10:44","slug":"regulating-artificial-intelligence-save-humanity-just-stifle-innovation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/world.edu\/regulating-artificial-intelligence-save-humanity-just-stifle-innovation\/","title":{"rendered":"Does regulating artificial intelligence save humanity or just stifle innovation?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Some people are afraid that\u00a0heavily armed artificially intelligent robots<\/a>might take over the world, enslaving humanity \u2013 or\u00a0perhaps exterminating us<\/a>. These people, including tech-industry billionaire Elon Musk and eminent physicist Stephen Hawking, say artificial intelligence technology\u00a0needs to be regulated<\/a>\u00a0to\u00a0manage the risks<\/a>. But Microsoft founder\u00a0Bill Gates<\/a>\u00a0and Facebook\u2019s\u00a0Mark Zuckerberg<\/a>\u00a0disagree, saying the technology is not nearly advanced enough for those worries to be realistic.<\/p>\n

As someone who researches how AI works in robotic decision-making,\u00a0drones<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0self-driving vehicles<\/a>, I\u2019ve seen how beneficial it can be. I\u2019ve developed AI software that lets robots working in teams\u00a0make individual decisions<\/a>, as\u00a0part of collective efforts<\/a>\u00a0to explore and solve problems. Researchers are already subject to existing rules, regulations and laws designed to protect public safety. Imposing further limitations risks reducing the potential for innovation with AI systems.<\/p>\n

How is AI regulated now?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

While the term \u201cartificial intelligence\u201d may conjure fantastical images of human-like robots, most people have encountered AI before. It helps us\u00a0find similar products<\/a>\u00a0while shopping, offers\u00a0movie and TV recommendations<\/a>\u00a0and helps us\u00a0search for websites<\/a>. It\u00a0grades student writing<\/a>, provides\u00a0personalized tutoring<\/a>\u00a0and even\u00a0recognizes objects<\/a>carried through\u00a0airport scanners<\/a>.<\/p>\n

In each case, the AI makes things easier for humans. For example, the AI software I developed could be used to plan and execute a search of a field for a plant or animal as part of a science experiment. But even as the AI frees people from doing this work, it is still basing its actions on human decisions and goals about where to search and what to look for.<\/p>\n

In areas like these and many others, AI has the potential to do far more good than harm \u2013 if used properly. But I don\u2019t believe additional regulations are currently needed. There are already laws on the books of nations, states and towns governing civil and criminal liabilities for harmful actions. Our drones, for example, must obey FAA regulations, while the self-driving car AI must obey regular traffic laws to operate on public roadways.<\/p>\n

Existing laws also cover what happens if a robot injures or kills a person, even if the injury is accidental and the robot\u2019s programmer or operator\u00a0isn\u2019t criminally responsible<\/a>. While lawmakers and regulators may need to refine responsibility for AI systems\u2019 actions as technology advances, creating regulations beyond those that already exist could prohibit or slow the development of capabilities that would be overwhelmingly beneficial.<\/p>\n

Potential risks from artificial intelligence<\/strong><\/h4>\n

It may seem reasonable to worry about researchers developing very advanced artificial intelligence systems that can operate\u00a0entirely outside human control<\/a>. A common thought experiment deals with a\u00a0self-driving car forced to make a decision<\/a>\u00a0about whether to run over a child who just stepped into the road or veer off into a guardrail, injuring the car\u2019s occupants and perhaps even those in another vehicle.<\/p>\n

Musk and Hawking, among others, worry that hypercapable AI systems, no longer limited to a single set of tasks like controlling a self-driving car, might decide it doesn\u2019t need humans anymore. It might even look at human stewardship of the planet, the interpersonal conflicts, theft, fraud and frequent wars, and\u00a0decide that the world would be better without people<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Science fiction author Isaac Asimov tried to address this potential by proposing\u00a0three laws<\/a>\u00a0limiting robot decision-making: Robots cannot injure humans or allow them \u201cto come to harm.\u201d They must also obey humans \u2013 unless this would harm humans \u2013 and protect themselves, as long as this doesn\u2019t harm humans or ignore an order.<\/p>\n

But\u00a0Asimov himself knew<\/a>\u00a0the three laws were not enough. And they don\u2019t reflect the complexity of human values. What constitutes \u201charm\u201d is an example: Should a robot protect humanity from suffering related to overpopulation, or should it protect individuals\u2019 freedoms to make personal reproductive decisions?<\/p>\n

We humans have already wrestled with these questions in our own, nonartificial intelligences. Researchers have proposed\u00a0restrictions on human freedoms<\/a>, including reducing reproduction, to control people\u2019s behavior, population growth and environmental damage. In general, society has decided against using those methods, even if their goals seem reasonable. Similarly, rather than regulating what AI systems can and can\u2019t do, in my view it would be better to\u00a0teach them human ethics and values<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 like parents do with human children.<\/p>\n

Artificial intelligence benefits<\/strong><\/h4>\n

People already benefit from AI every day \u2013 but this is just the beginning. AI-controlled robots could assist law enforcement in responding to human gunmen. Current police efforts must focus on preventing officers from being injured, but\u00a0robots could step into harm\u2019s way<\/a>, potentially changing the outcomes of cases like the\u00a0recent shooting of an armed college student at Georgia Tech<\/a>\u00a0and an\u00a0unarmed high school student in Austin<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Intelligent robots can help humans in other ways, too. They can perform repetitive tasks, like\u00a0processing sensor data<\/a>, where human boredom may cause mistakes. They can limit human exposure to dangerous materials and dangerous situations, such as when\u00a0decontaminating a nuclear reactor<\/a>, working in areas humans can\u2019t go. In general, AI robots can provide humans with more time to pursue whatever they define as happiness by freeing them from having to do other work.<\/p>\n

Achieving most of these benefits will require a lot more research and development. Regulations that make it more expensive to develop AIs or prevent certain uses may delay or forestall those efforts. This is particularly true for small businesses and individuals \u2013 key drivers of new technologies \u2013 who are not as well equipped to deal with regulation compliance as larger companies. In fact, the biggest beneficiary of AI regulation may be large companies that are used to dealing with it, because startups will have a harder time competing in a regulated environment.<\/p>\n

The need for innovation<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Humanity faced a similar set of issues in the early days of the internet. But the United States\u00a0actively avoided<\/a>\u00a0regulating the internet to avoid stunting its early growth. Musk\u2019s PayPal and numerous other businesses helped build the modern online world while subject only to regular human-scale rules, like those preventing theft and fraud.<\/p>\n

Artificial intelligence systems have the potential to change how humans do just about everything. Scientists, engineers, programmers and entrepreneurs need time to develop the technologies \u2013 and deliver their benefits. Their work should be free from concern that some AIs might be banned, and from the delays and costs associated with new AI-specific regulations.<\/p>\n

Author Bio:<\/strong>Jeremy Straub is an Assistant Professor of Computer Science at North Dakota State University<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Some people are afraid that\u00a0heavily armed artificially intelligent robotsmight take over the world, enslaving humanity \u2013 or\u00a0perhaps exterminating us. These people, including tech-industry billionaire Elon Musk and eminent physicist Stephen Hawking, say artificial intelligence technology\u00a0needs to be regulated\u00a0to\u00a0manage the risks. But Microsoft founder\u00a0Bill Gates\u00a0and Facebook\u2019s\u00a0Mark Zuckerberg\u00a0disagree, saying the technology is not nearly advanced enough for […]\n… learn more→<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":41029,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,85],"tags":[12758],"coauthors":[11733],"class_list":["post-41028","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-tech","category-social-change","tag-artificial-intelligence-2"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDoes regulating artificial intelligence save humanity or just stifle innovation? - World leading higher education information and services<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/world.edu\/regulating-artificial-intelligence-save-humanity-just-stifle-innovation\/\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Does regulating artificial intelligence save humanity or just stifle innovation? - World leading higher education information and services\" class=\"yoast-seo-meta-tag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Some people are afraid that\u00a0heavily armed artificially intelligent robotsmight take over the world, enslaving humanity \u2013 or\u00a0perhaps exterminating us. 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